Planet-Disk Interaction and Orbital Evolution
Open accessAbstract
As planets form and grow within gaseous protoplanetary disks, the mutual gravitational interaction between the disk and planet leads to the exchange of angular momentum and migration of the planet. We review current understanding of disk-planet interactions, focusing in particular on physical processes that determine the speed and direction of migration. We describe the evolution of low-mass planets embedded in protoplanetary disks and examine the influence of Lindblad and corotation torques as a function of the disk properties. The role of the disk in causing the evolution of eccentricities and inclinations is also discussed. We describe the rapid migration of intermediate-mass planets that may occur as a runaway process and examine the transition to gap formation and slower migration driven by the viscous evolution of the disk for massive planets. The roles and influence of disk self-gravity and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence are discussed in detail, as a function of the planet mass, as is the evolution of multiple planet systems. Finally, we address the question of how well global models of planetary formation that include migration are able to match observations of extrasolar planets.
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Combined, core accretion and orbital migration form the general framework for planet formation, both within our solar system and within extrasolar planetary systems.
“Combined, core accretion and orbital migration form the general framework for planet formation, both within our solar system and within extrasolar planetary systems (Kley and Nelson, 2012).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Kley and Nelson, 2012
Cites
Origin of the orbital architecture of the giant planets of the Solar System
Tsiganis, K., Gomes, R., Morbidelli, A., & Levison, H. F. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03539 · Cited by 1,476 · see citing works
Optical Images of an Exosolar Planet 25 Light-Years from Earth
Kalas, P., Graham, J. R., Chiang, E., Fitzgerald, M. P., Clampin, M., Kite, E. S., Stapelfeldt, K., Marois, C., & Krist, J. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1166609 · Cited by 840 · see citing works
Models of giant planet formation with migration and disc evolution
Alibert, Y., Mordasini, C., Benz, W., & Winisdoerffer, C. (2005) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042032 · Cited by 685 · see citing works
Elementary derivation of the perturbation equations of celestial mechanics
Burns, J. A. (1976) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.10237 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
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Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Adamala, K., Arina de la Rubia, L., Bond, J., Dartnell, L. R., Goldman, A. D., Lynch, K., et al. (2016) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1460 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“Combined, core accretion and orbital migration form the general framework for planet formation, both within our solar system and within extrasolar planetary systems (Kley and Nelson, 2012).”
MODELING GIANT EXTRASOLAR RING SYSTEMS IN ECLIPSE AND THE CASE OF J1407B: SCULPTING BY EXOMOONS?
Kenworthy, M. A., & Mamajek, E. E. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/800/2/126 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“…of the resultant planetary systems is dictated by the structure and composition of the disk, its interaction with the young star, and the competing formation mechanisms that transfer circumstellar material onto accreting protoplanets (e.g. see reviews by Armitage 2011; Kley & Nelson 2012).”
BackgroundMentel, R. T., Kenworthy, M. A., Cameron, D. A., Scott, E. L., Mellon, S. N., Hudec, R., Birkby, J. L., Mamajek, E. E., Schrimpf, A., Reichart, D. E., et al. (2018) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834004 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“All the gas giants in the solar system have multiple moons in orbit around them, and their nature gives insight into the earliest processes of planet and moon formation in the first 10−50 Myr of the solar system (e.g. see reviews by Armitage 2011; Kley & Nelson 2012).”
BackgroundALMA and NACO observations towards the young exoring transit system J1407 (V1400 Cen)
Kenworthy, M. A., Klaassen, P. D., Min, M., van der Marel, N., Bohn, A. J., Kama, M., Triaud, A., Hales, A., Monkiewicz, J., Scott, E., et al. (2020) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936141 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Once a planetary embryo forms within the CSD, a circumplanetary disk (CPD) builds inside the gravitational domain of the embryo, and gas and dust are transported through this disk and accrete onto the planet (see reviews by e.g. Armitage 2011; Kley & Nelson 2012).”
BackgroundK2 discovery of a circumsecondary disk transiting EPIC 220208795
van der Kamp, L., van Dam, D. M., Kenworthy, M. A., Mamajek, E. E., & Pojmański, G. (2022) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142063 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kley, W., & Nelson, R. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2012-09-22
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 211-249
- ISSN
- 0066-4146 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4282
- OpenAlex
- W2107656875
- Cited by
- 722
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/F002823/1, ST/J001546/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Keywords
- planet-disk interaction, planet migration, protoplanetary disks, angular momentum exchange, Lindblad torque, corotation torque, orbital eccentricity evolution, gap formation, disk self-gravity, magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, multi-planet systems, exoplanets, planet formation
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