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A Transdisciplinary Approach to Public Health Law: The Emerging Practice of Legal Epidemiology
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Public health law has roots in both law and science. For more than a century, lawyers have helped develop and implement health laws; over the past 50 years, scientific evaluation of the health effects of laws and legal practices has achieved high levels of rigor and influence. We describe an emerging model of public health law that unites these two traditions. This transdisciplinary model adds scientific practices to the lawyerly functions of normative and doctrinal research, counseling, and representation. These practices include policy surveillance and empirical public health law research on the efficacy of legal interventions and the impact of laws and legal practices on health and health system operation. A transdisciplinary model of public health law, melding its legal and scientific facets, can help break down enduring cultural, disciplinary, and resource barriers that have prevented the full recognition and optimal role of law in public health.
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“The latter includes connected networks of well trained professionals—legal and non-legal—who share information and strategies, and who provide technical legal assistance.16”
From The legal determinants of health: harnessing the power of law for global health and sustainable development (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
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Self-citationBonuck, K. A., & Hill, L. A. (2020) · Progress in community health partnerships · doi:10.1353/cpr.2020.0028 · Cited by 6
Using laws to further public health causes: the Healthy Prisons Agenda
Ismail, N., Woodall, J., & de Viggiani, N. (2019) · Global Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/1757975918811098 · Cited by 6
“In this respect, evidence is available demonstrating that laws can be meaningfully used to establish a framework to drive behavioural change within a supportive environment (5).”
Using Public Health Law and Legal Epidemiology to Respond to Child Maltreatment
Mathews, B. (2022) · Child maltreatment · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-82479-2_32 · Cited by 5
Mapping and analysis of laws influencing built environments for walking and cycling in Australia
Nau, T., Perry, S., Giles‐Corti, B., Bellew, W., Bauman, A. E., & Smith, B. J. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14897-w · Cited by 5
“Policy surveillance is one of the key methods employed in legal epidemiology, which has been defined as the ‘study and deployment of law as a factor in the cause, distribution, and prevention of disease and injury in a population’ [25].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCOVID-19 Vaccine Refusal and Medical Distrust Held by Correctional Officers
Kerrison, E. M. T., & Hyatt, J. M. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11071237 · Cited by 5
“Burris and colleagues [79] define legal epidemiology as “the scientific study and deployment of law as a factor in the cause, distribution, and prevention of disease and injury in a population” (p.”
BackgroundGarber, M. D., Benmarhnia, T., de Nazelle, A. J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., & Rueda, D. R. (2025) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.154967.2 · Cited by 5
“4 Urban health as part of a complex systems Above, we noted that a challenge with some policy-evaluation policy-evaluation methods is isolating specific effects in the”
Sanner, L. M., Grant, S., McCabe, H., & Silverman, R. D. (2021) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2021.306227 · Cited by 5
Robinson, L. R., McCord, R. F., Cloud, L. K., Kaminski, J. W., Cook, A., Amoroso, J., Watts, M. H., Kotzky, K., Barry, C. M., Johnson, R., et al. (2020) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001122 · Cited by 5
“One avenue for examining state variability is legal epidemiology, or the study of law as a factor in the cause, distribution, and prevention of disease and injury in a population.(18) Legal epidemiological studies have previously been used to highlight gaps in statutory and regulatory efforts around public health issu…”
BackgroundMethodAn analysis of the legal framework influencing walking in Australia
Nau, T., Bauman, A. E., Bellew, W., Giles‐Corti, B., & Smith, B. J. (2022) · Public Health Research & Practice · doi:10.17061/phrp32122205 · Cited by 5
Hoss, A., Basler, C. A., Stevenson, L. M., Gambino-Shirley, K. J., Robyn, M. P., & Nichols, M. C. (2017) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6601a4 · Cited by 5
Advancing Legal Epidemiology: An Introduction
Thompson, B. L., Cloud, L. K., & Gable, L. (2020) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001119 · Cited by 5
“legal epidemiology method that involves the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and dissemination of policies across jurisdictions and over time.(13) Their analysis describes geographic and temporal trends in 3 housing-related domains: state fair housing protec-”
MethodJernigan, V. B. B., Maudrie, T. L., & Lopez, S. V. (2024) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071723-110657 · Cited by 4
Beyond Law as a Tool of Public Health: Vaccines in Interdisciplinary Sociolegal and Science Studies
Kirkland, A. R. (2023) · Annual Review of Law and Social Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-111522-090534 · Cited by 4
Viens, A. M., Cassar, V., & Atique, A. (2023) · Law & Policy · doi:10.1111/lapo.12215 · Cited by 5
Exploring the Development of Three Law-Based Competency Models for Public Health Practitioners
Ransom, M. M., & Yassine, B. B. (2019) · Journal of Social Behavioral and Health Sciences · doi:10.5590/jsbhs.2019.13.1.08 · Cited by 4
Roberts, S. C. M. (2020) · Women s Reproductive Health · doi:10.1080/23293691.2020.1780398 · Cited by 4
Goldstein, N. D., Purtle, J., & Suder, J. S. (2019) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4365 · Cited by 4
Nostrand, E. V., Johnston, A., Albert, S. M., Brown, A. L., Buchanich, J. M., Ray, B. R., & Roberts, M. S. (2021) · Drugs in Context · doi:10.7573/dic.2021-8-1 · Cited by 4
Legal Epidemiology: Growth, and Growing Pains
Burris, S. C. (2023) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001836 · Cited by 4
Self-citationLane, J., & Stergachis, A. S. (2024) · Frontiers in Health Services · doi:10.3389/frhs.2023.1291183 · Cited by 3
AI regulatory strategies: a global public health perspective
Léger-Riopel, N. (2025) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdaf116 · Cited by 3
Public Health Strategies: A Pathway for Public Health Practice to Leverage Law in Advancing Equity
Weber, S. B., & Penn, M. S. (2021) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001444 · Cited by 3
“60 Future analyses might examine the following:”
BackgroundSelf-citationHeenan, M., Hart, A. C., Cullerton, K. B., Jan, S., & Shanthosh, J. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18053-4 · Cited by 3
“However, the concept of public health law research is newly defined and a lot of research on public health law does not consider itself as ‘public health law research’, but as either scientific research or legal scholarship– two distinct fields of research [3].”
BackgroundProtocol for creating a dataset of U.S. state alcohol-related firearm laws 2000–2022
Silver, D., Bae, J. Y., & Macinko, J. A. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299248 · Cited by 3
“The codebook for the dataset will be adapted from the investigators’ previous work and represents the state of the art in public health law research and policy surveillance [25, 26].”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Burris, S., Ashe, M., Levin, D., Penn, M., & Larkin, M.
- Affiliations
- Temple University (US)
- ChangeLab Solutions (US)
- Network for Public Health Law, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105;
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Public Health
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2016-03-18
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 135-148
- ISSN
- 0163-7525 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2093
- PMC
- PMC5703193
- OpenAlex
- W1921221872
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 1.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-RFA-OT13-1302, OT13-1302)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Healthcare Regulation
- Keywords
- public health law, legal epidemiology, transdisciplinary research, policy monitoring, legal intervention
- MeSH terms
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Epidemiology, Humans, Legislation as Topic, Public Health, United States, Interdisciplinary Communication, Policy
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