The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Balancing the Global Carbon Budget
Abstract
The global carbon budget is, of course, balanced. The conservation of carbon and the first law of thermodynamics are intact. “Balancing the carbon budget” refers to the state of the science in evaluating the terms of the global carbon equation. The annual increases in the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, oceans, and land should balance the emissions of carbon from fossil fuels and deforestation. Balancing the carbon budget is not the real issue, however. The real issue is understanding the processes responsible for net sources and sinks of carbon. Such understanding should lead to more accurate predictions of future concentrations of CO 2 and more accurate predictions of the rate and extent of climatic change. The recent past may be insufficient for prediction, however. Oceanic and terrestrial sinks that have lessened the rate of growth in atmospheric CO 2 until now may diminish as feedbacks between the carbon cycle and climate become more prominent.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change
Davidson, E. A., & Janssens, I. A. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04514 · Cited by 6,919
Climate–Carbon Cycle Feedback Analysis: Results from the C4MIP Model Intercomparison
Friedlingstein, P., Cox, P., Betts, R., Bopp, L., von Bloh, W., Brovkin, V., Cadule, P., Doney, S., Eby, M., Fung, I., et al. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3800.1 · Cited by 2,902
The amount of carbon released from peat and forest fires in Indonesia during 1997
Page, S. E., Siegert, F., Rieley, J. O., Boehm, H.-D. V., Jaya, A., & Limin, S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01131 · Cited by 1,885
An estimate of global primary production in the ocean from satellite radiometer data
Longhurst, A., Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T., & Caverhill, C. (1995) · Journal of Plankton Research · doi:10.1093/plankt/17.6.1245 · Cited by 1,480
Lackner, K. S. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1079033 · Cited by 1,290
Carbon losses from all soils across England and Wales 1978–2003
Bellamy, P. H., Loveland, P. J., Bradley, R. I., Lark, R. M., & Kirk, G. J. D. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04038 · Cited by 1,131 · cited 2×
“Changes in soil organic matter observed over a 25-year period across England and Wales indicated a net loss of carbon at a mean rate of 0.6% year−1 from all types of soil (Bellamy et al. 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialEcosystem carbon storage in arctic tundra reduced by long-term nutrient fertilization
Mack, M. C., Schuur, E. A. G., Bret-Harte, M. S., Shaver, G. R., & Chapin, F. S. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02887 · Cited by 1,030
Ecosystem carbon loss with woody plant invasion of grasslands.
Jackson, R. B., Banner, J. L., Jobbágy, E. G., Pockman, W. T., & Wall, D. H. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00910 · Cited by 1,007
Cited by
A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests
Pan, Y., Birdsey, R. A., Fang, J., Houghton, R., Kauppi, P. E., Kurz, W. A., Phillips, O. L., Shvidenko, A., Lewis, S. L., Canadell, J. G., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1201609 · Cited by 8,458
Self-citationProgress and perspectives of electrochemical CO2 reduction on copper in aqueous electrolyte
Nitopi, S., Bertheussen, E., Scott, S. B., Liu, X., Engstfeld, A. K., Horch, S., Seger, B., Stephens, I. E. L., Chan, K., Hahn, C., et al. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00705 · Cited by 5,223
Soil enzymes in a changing environment: Current knowledge and future directions
Burns, R. G., DeForest, J. L., Marxsen, J., Sinsabaugh, R. L., Stromberger, M. E., Wallenstein, M. D., Weintraub, M. N., & Zoppini, A. (2013) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.11.009 · Cited by 2,552
Seagrass ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock
Fourqurean, J. W., Duarte, C. M., Kennedy, H., Marbà, N., Holmer, M., Mateo, M. A., Apostolaki, E. T., Kendrick, G. A., Krause-Jensen, D., McGlathery, K. J., et al. (2012) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo1477 · Cited by 2,095
Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps
Baccini, A., Goetz, S. J., Walker, W. S., Laporte, N. T., Sun, M., Sulla-Menashe, D., Hackler, J., Beck, P. S. A., Dubayah, R., Friedl, M. A., et al. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1354 · Cited by 1,788
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Houghton, R. A.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2007-05-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 313-347
- ISSN
- 0084-6597 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4495
- OpenAlex
- W2148979610
- Cited by
- 1,128
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 8.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Balancing the Global Carbon Budget. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.earth.35.031306.140057
- The paper
- Houghton, R. A. (2007). Balancing the Global Carbon Budget. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.35.031306.140057
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.