The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 100 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
African Cichlid Fishes: Model Systems for Evolutionary Biology
Abstract
▪ Abstract Cichlid fishes (Perciformes: Teleostei) found in the lakes of Africa have served as model systems for the study of evolution. The enormous number of species (1000 in Lake Malawi alone), the great diversity of trophic adaptations and behaviors, and the extreme rapidity of their divergence (<50,000 y for some faunas) single out these organisms as examples of evolution in progress. Because these fishes are confined to discrete lacustrine environments and their origination is bounded by geological features, these groups provide models with which to study evolution. We review theoretical studies and empirical research on the cichlid faunas of Africa to provide a synthetic overview of current knowledge of the evolutionary processes at work in this group. This view provides the critical information needed to formulate and test hypotheses that may permit discrimination among the diverse theories and models that have been advanced to explain the evolution of these fishes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Mayr, E. (1963) · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674865327 · Cited by 10,175
Andersson, M. (1994) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691207278 · Cited by 7,401
Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution
Avise, J. C. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2381-9 · Cited by 5,242
Models of speciation by sexual selection on polygenic traits
Lande, R. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3721 · Cited by 2,200
Natural Hybridization and Evolution
Arnold, M. L. (1997) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195099744.001.0001 · Cited by 1,785
Natural hybridization and evolution
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.35-0883 · Cited by 1,742
Cichlid Fish Diversity Threatened by Eutrophication That Curbs Sexual Selection
Seehausen, O., Alphen, J. J. M. V., & Witte, F. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5333.1808 · Cited by 1,288
Monophyletic origin of Lake Victoria cichlid fishes suggested by mitochondrial DNA sequences
Meyer, A., Kocher, T. D., Basasibwaki, P., & Wilson, A. C. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/347550a0 · Cited by 940
The meaning of species and speciation: a genetic perspective.
Templeton, A. R. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 787
The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa
McConnell, R. H., Fryer, G., & Iles, T. D. (1973) · The Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/3421 · Cited by 729
Cited by
Benson, R. B. J., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001853 · Cited by 457
Seehausen, O., & Schluter, D. (2004) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2737 · Cited by 277
Understanding explosive diversification through cichlid fish genomics
Salzburger, W. (2018) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0043-9 · Cited by 264
Metadata
- Authors
- Kornfield, I., & Smith, P. F.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 163-196
- ISSN
- 0066-4162 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112678364
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 100
- FWCI
- 10.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: African Cichlid Fishes: Model Systems for Evolutionary Biology. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.163
- The paper
- Kornfield, I., & Smith, P. F. (2000). African Cichlid Fishes: Model Systems for Evolutionary Biology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.163
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
