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Cited by 431

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 190 of the 190 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Autoimmune and Inflammatory Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis

Wick, Georg, Knoflach, Michael, Xu, Qingbo·2004·Annual Review of Immunology

Abstract

The present review focuses on the concept that cellular and humoral immunity to the phylogenetically highly conserved antigen heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is the initiating mechanism in the earliest stages of atherosclerosis. Subjecting arterial endothelial cells to classical atherosclerosis risk factors leads to the expression of HSP60 that then may serve as a target for pre-existent cross-reactive antimicrobial HSP60 immunity or bona fide autoimmune reactions induced by biochemically altered autologous HSP60. Endothelial cells can also bind microbial or autologous HSP60 via Toll-like receptors, providing another possibility for targetting adaptive or innate immunological effector mechanisms.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104644

Cites

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Metadata

Authors
Wick, G., Knoflach, M., & Xu, Q.
Venue
Annual Review of Immunology
Published
2004-04-01
Volume
22
Issue
1
Pages
361-403
ISSN
  • 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-3278
OpenAlex
W2136347732
Cited by
431
References
190
FWCI
2.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Autoimmune and Inflammatory Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104644
The paper
Wick, G., Knoflach, M., & Xu, Q. (2004). Autoimmune and Inflammatory Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis. Annual Review of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104644

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.