The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS
Abstract
▪ Abstract The synthesis of nanocrystalline diamond films from carbon-containing noble gas plasmas is described. The nanocrystallinity is the result of new growth and nucleation mechanisms, which involve the insertion of C 2, carbon dimer, into carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, resulting in hetereogeneous nucleation rates on the order 10 10 cm−2 s−1. Extensive characterization studies led to the conclusion that phase-pure diamond is produced with a microstructure consisting of randomly oriented 3–15-nm crystallites. By adjusting the noble gas/hydrogen ratio in the gas mixture, a continuous transition from micro- to nanocrystallinity is achieved. Up to 10% of the total carbon in the nanocrystalline films is located at 2 to 4 atom-wide grain boundaries. Because the grain boundary carbon is π-bonded, the mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of nanocrystalline diamond are profoundly altered. Nanocrystalline diamond films are unique new materials with applications in fields as diverse as tribology, cold cathodes, corrosion resistance, electrochemical electrodes, and conformal coatings on MEMS devices.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids
Hirschfelder, J. O., Curtiss, C. F., & Bird, R. B. (1955) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.3061949 · Cited by 11,418
Ab initio molecular orbital theory
Hehre, W. J. (1976) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar50107a003 · Cited by 7,930
Solid C60: a new form of carbon
Krätschmer, W., Lamb, L. D., Fostiropoulos, K., & Huffman, D. R. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/347354a0 · Cited by 7,646
The Friction and Lubrication of Solids
Bowden, F. P., Tabor, D., & Palmer, F. (1951) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.1933017 · Cited by 5,890
Molecular theory of gases and liquids
Scott, R. L. (1955) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/ed032p232.2 · Cited by 3,934
Density Functional Theory of Electronic Structure
Kohn, W., Becke, A. D., & Parr, R. G. (1996) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jp960669l · Cited by 3,461
Stöhr, J. (1992) · Springer Series in Surface Sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-02853-7 · Cited by 2,307
Rapp, D., & Englander-Golden, P. (1965) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1696957 · Cited by 1,971
Empirical Interatomic Potential for Carbon, with Applications to Amorphous Carbon
Tersoff, J. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.2879 · Cited by 1,960
Low-Pressure, Metastable Growth of Diamond and "Diamondlike" Phases
Angus, J. C., & Hayman, C. C. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.241.4868.913 · Cited by 1,574
Cited by
Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials for Molecular Electrochemistry
McCreery, R. L. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr068076m · Cited by 2,729
Raman spectroscopy of amorphous, nanostructured, diamond–like carbon, and nanodiamond
Ferrari, A. C., & Robertson, J. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2004.1452 · Cited by 2,689
Nanodiamond Particles: Properties and Perspectives for Bioapplications
Schrand, A. M., Hens, S. A. C., & Shenderova, O. A. (2009) · Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences · doi:10.1080/10408430902831987 · Cited by 802
Conductive diamond: synthesis, properties, and electrochemical applications
Yang, N., Yu, S., Macpherson, J. V., Einaga, Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, G., Swain, G. M., & Jiang, X. (2019) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00757d · Cited by 522
Conductive diamond thin-films in electrochemistry
Hupert, M., Muck, A., Wang, J., Stotter, J., Cvackova, Z., Haymond, S., Show, Y., & Swain, G. M. (2003) · Diamond and Related Materials · doi:10.1016/s0925-9635(03)00260-7 · Cited by 329
Metadata
- Authors
- Gruen, D. M.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Materials Science
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1999-08
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 211-259
- ISSN
- 0084-6600 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2139982106
- Cited by
- 893
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 13.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.matsci.29.1.211
- The paper
- Gruen, D. M. (1999). NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS. Annual Review of Materials Science. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.matsci.29.1.211
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
