Cited by 143Sex and Gender in HealthcareEstrogen and related hormone effectsCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

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Sex-Based Cardiac Physiology

Luczak, Elizabeth D., Leinwand, Leslie A.·2009·Annual Review of Physiology

DOI 10.1146/annurev.physiol.010908.163156

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Abstract

Biological sex plays an important role in normal cardiac physiology as well as in the heart's response to cardiac disease. Women generally have better cardiac function and survival than do men in the face of cardiac disease; however, this sex difference is lost when comparing postmenopausal women with age-matched men. Animal models of cardiac disease mirror what is seen in humans. Sex steroid hormones contribute significantly to sex-based differences in cardiac disease outcomes. Estrogen is generally considered to be cardioprotective, whereas testosterone is thought to be detrimental to heart function. Environmental estrogen-like molecules, such as phytoestrogens, can also affect cardiac physiology in both a positive and a negative manner.

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See all 143

Authors: Luczak, E. D., & Leinwand, L. A.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Boulder (US)
ORCID: Luczak, Elizabeth D.
Leinwand, Leslie A.
Venue: Annual Review of Physiology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2009-03-01
Volume: 71
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-18
ISSN: 0066-4278 (ISSN-L)
1545-1585
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.010908.163156
OpenAlex: W2107190331
Cited by: 143
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 1.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords: sex differences, cardiac physiology, sex hormones, estrogen, testosterone, phytoestrogens, postmenopausal women, heart disease, cardioprotection
MeSH terms: Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Estrogens, Female, Heart, Heart Diseases, Humans, Male, Sex Characteristics, Testosterone, Phytoestrogens, Mice

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