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Cited by 401

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 172 of the 172 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Causal Inference in Sociological Research

Gangl, Markus·2010·Annual Review of Sociology

Abstract

Originating in econometrics and statistics, the counterfactual model provides a natural framework for clarifying the requirements for valid causal inference in the social sciences. This article presents the basic potential outcomes model and discusses the main approaches to identification in social science research. It then addresses approaches to the statistical estimation of treatment effects either under unconfoundedness or in the presence of unmeasured heterogeneity. As an update to Winship & Morgan's (1999) earlier review, the article summarizes the more recent literature that is characterized by a broader range of estimands of interest, a renewed interest in exploiting experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and important progress in the areas of semi- and nonparametric estimation of treatment effects, difference-in-differences estimation, and instrumental variable estimation. The review concludes by highlighting implications of the recent econometric and statistical literature for sociological research practice.

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Metadata

Authors
Gangl, M.
Venue
Annual Review of Sociology
Published
2010-06-01
Volume
36
Issue
1
Pages
21-47
ISSN
  • 0360-0572 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-2115
OpenAlex
W2101794973
Cited by
401
References
172
FWCI
2.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Causal Inference in Sociological Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102702
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Gangl, M. (2010). Causal Inference in Sociological Research. Annual Review of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102702

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.