The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Automatic Creation of Literature Abstracts
Abstract
Excerpts of technical papers and magazine articles that serve the purposes of conventional abstracts have been created entirely by automatic means. In the exploratory research described, the complete text of an article in machine-readable form is scanned by an IBM 704 data-processing machine and analyzed in accordance with a standard program. Statistical information derived from word frequency and distribution is used by the machine to compute a relative measure of significance, first for individual words and then for sentences. Sentences scoring highest in significance are extracted and printed out to become the “auto-abstract."
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Citations
Cited by
The use of MMR, diversity-based reranking for reordering documents and producing summaries
Carbonell, J., & Goldstein, J. (1998) · Proceedings of the 21st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval · doi:10.1145/290941.291025 · Cited by 2,329
A Survey of the Usages of Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing
Otter, D. W., Medina, J. R., & Kalita, J. K. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems · doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.2979670 · Cited by 1,836
Interpreting TF-IDF term weights as making relevance decisions
Wu, H. C., Luk, R. W. P., Wong, K. F., & Kwok, K. L. (2008) · ACM Transactions on Information Systems · doi:10.1145/1361684.1361686 · Cited by 821
YAKE! Keyword extraction from single documents using multiple local features
Campos, R., Mangaravite, V., Pasquali, A., Jorge, A., Nunes, C., & Jatowt, A. (2020) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2019.09.013 · Cited by 668
A Survey of Text Summarization Extractive Techniques
Gupta, V., & Lehal, G. S. (2010) · Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence · doi:10.4304/jetwi.2.3.258-268 · Cited by 616
Metadata
- Authors
- Luhn, H. P.
- Venue
- IBM Journal of Research and Development
- Publisher
- IBM
- Published
- 1958-04
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 159-165
- ISSN
- 0018-8646 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974339500
- Cited by
- 3,246
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 19.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Automatic Creation of Literature Abstracts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1147/rd.22.0159
- The paper
- Luhn, H. P. (1958). The Automatic Creation of Literature Abstracts. IBM Journal of Research and Development. https://doi.org/10.1147/rd.22.0159
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
