Impact of Reference Standard on CT, MRI, and Contrast-enhanced US LI-RADS Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
See also the editorial by Ronot in this issue.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Different reference standards available to confirm radiological diagnosis may lead to systematic errors.
“Different reference standards are often available to confirm radiological diagnosis, which may also lead to systematic errors.26”
From Bias in artificial intelligence for medical imaging: fundamentals, detection, avoidance, mitigation, challenges, ethics, and prospects (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
Cites
van der Pol, C. B., Lim, C. S., Sirlin, C. B., McGrath, T. A., Salameh, J., Bashir, M. R., Tang, A., Singal, A. G., Costa, A. F., Fowler, K. J., et al. (2018) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.020 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Self-citationSystematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy: The PRISMA-DTA Statement
Frank, R. A., Bossuyt, P. M., & McInnes, M. D. F. (2018) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2018180850 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Koçak, B., Ponsiglione, A., Stanzione, A., Bluethgen, C., Santinha, J., Ugga, L., Huisman, M., Klontzas, M. E., Cannella, R., & Cuocolo, R. (2024) · Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology · doi:10.4274/dir.2024.242854 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“26 Some could be highly accurate but also costly and poorly available, whereas others could neglect intermediate findings or be operator-dependent, 27 potentially reducing label applicability and reliability.”
Screening of liver cancer with abbreviated MRI
Ronot, M., Nahon, P., & Rimola, J. (2023) · Hepatology · doi:10.1097/hep.0000000000000339 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationHeterogeneity in Systematic Reviews of Medical Imaging Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies
White, S., Phua, Q. S., Lu, L., Yaxley, K. L., McInnes, M. D. F., & To, M. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0649 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, L., Zou, X., Zheng, W., Li, Y. H., Xu, X., Li, K., Su, Z., Han, J., Li, Q., Zuo, Y., et al. (2023) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.230150 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationDawit, H., Lam, E., McInnes, M. D. F., van der Pol, C. B., Bashir, M. R., Salameh, J., Levis, B., Sirlin, C. B., Chernyak, V., Choi, S. H., et al. (2024) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.231501 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationYoon, J. H., Kim, Y. K., Kim, J. W., Chang, W., Choi, J., Park, B. J., Choi, J., Kim, S., Park, H. S., Lee, E. S., et al. (2024) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.233114 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationMosenthal, M., Adams, W., Cotler, S. J., Ding, X., Borge, M. A., Malamis, A. P., Lee, D. D., Thomas, T. O., Jawahar, A., Amin, P., et al. (2023) · Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.009 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Application of a deep learning algorithm for the diagnosis of HCC
Yu, P. L. H., Chiu, K. W.-H., Lu, J., Lui, G. C. S., Zhou, J., Cheng, H. M., Mao, X., Wu, J., Shen, X., Kwok, K. M., et al. (2024) · JHEP Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101219 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Parillo, M., Mallio, C. A., van der Molen, A. J., Rovira, À., Dekkers, I. A., Kärst, U., Stroomberg, G. J., Clémеnt, O., Gianolio, E., Nederveen, A. J., et al. (2023) · Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10334-023-01113-y · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Adamo, R. G., van der Pol, C. B., Alabousi, M., Lam, E., Salameh, J., Abedrabbo, N., Lerner, E., Naringrekar, H., Bashir, M. R., Costa, A. F., et al. (2025) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.243450 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationConversion Strategy for LI-RADS Category 5 Observations across Versions 2014, 2017, and 2018
Goins, S. M., Adamo, R. G., Lam, E., Costa, A. F., van der Pol, C. B., Salameh, J., Dawit, H., McInnes, M. D. F., & Bashir, M. R. (2023) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.222971 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationFrank, R. A., Salameh, J., Islam, N., Yang, B., Murad, M. H., Mustafa, R. A., Leeflang, M., Bossuyt, P. M., Takwoingi, Y., Whiting, P. F., et al. (2023) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.221437 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationvan der Pol, C. B., Costa, A. F., Lam, E. W. ‐., Dawit, H., Bashir, M. R., & McInnes, M. D. F. (2023) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.29049 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationElmi, N., McEvoy, D., McInnes, M. D. F., Alabousi, M., Hecht, E. M., Luk, L., Asghar, S., Jajodia, A., de Carvalho, T. L., Warnica, W., et al. (2023) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.29168 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationRisk of Bias in Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Studies Using QUADAS-2
Naringrekar, H., Costa, A. F., Lam, E., van der Pol, C. B., Bashir, M. R., Salameh, J., & McInnes, M. D. F. (2024) · Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal · doi:10.1177/08465371241280874 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationCosta, A. F., McInnes, M. D. F., van der Pol, C. B., Lam, E., Dawit, H., Salameh, J., Levis, B., & Bashir, M. R. (2024) · Radiology Imaging Cancer · doi:10.1148/rycan.240015 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationLI-RADS in 2024: recent updates, planned refinements, and future directions
Kierans, A. S., Fowler, K. J., & Chernyak, V. (2024) · Abdominal Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00261-024-04730-w · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationAdamo, R. G., Lam, E., Salameh, J., van der Pol, C. B., Goins, S. M., Dawit, H., Costa, A. F., Levis, B., Singal, A. G., Chernyak, V., et al. (2024) · Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal · doi:10.1177/08465371241306297 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationCurrent State of Evidence for Use of MRI in LI ‐ RADS
Kulkarni, A. M., Kruse, D. E., Harper, K. C., Lam, E., Osman, H., Ansari, D. H., Sivanesan, U., Bashir, M. R., Costa, A. F., McInnes, M. D. F., et al. (2025) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.29748 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationRonot, M. (2022) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.213224 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationYamaguchi, H., Ichikawa, T., Morisaka, H., Akai, H., Izuka, K., Ueno, T., Abe, O., & Tsushima, Y. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000034774 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zhou, P., Bao, Y., Chang, D., Li, J., An, T.-Z., Shen, Y., Cai, W., Wen, L., & Xiao, Y. (2024) · Insights into Imaging · doi:10.1186/s13244-024-01792-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ultrasound shear wave viscoelastography to characterize liver nodules
Rafati, I., Yazdani, L., Barat, M., Karam, E., Fohlen, A., Nguyen, B., Castel, H., Tang, A., & Cloutier, G. (2025) · Physics in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1088/1361-6560/adc4b8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Chen, J., Jiang, H., Zhang, L., Zhong, X. Z., Zhang, T., Chen, L., Wang, Y., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111830 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, H., He, D., Lu, R.-F., Tong, W., Wang, Y., Qin, S., Wen, R., Wu, S.-H., Ruan, S., Liu, G., et al. (2025) · La radiologia medica · doi:10.1007/s11547-025-01995-z · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationAlwahbi, O. A., Larocque, N., Kulkarni, A. M., Gopee‐Ramanan, P., Ghumman, Z., Sarkar, R., Kagoma, Y. K., Alabousi, A., Tsai, S., Wat, J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.28438 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationQin, Y., Zhang, J., Xu, D., Zhou, X., Ling, Z., Li, L., Zhao, Q., Dong, Z., Wang, J., Cai, H., et al. (2025) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.70366 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationGeographic and Sex Distribution of LI-RADS Research Globally: A Cross-Sectional Meta-Research Study
Osman, H., Lam, E., van der Pol, C. B., Mahdi, H., Awad, R., Islam, N., Alabousi, M., Salameh, J., Bashir, M. R., Costa, A. F., et al. (2026) · Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal · doi:10.1177/08465371261429344 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationDas, S., Lam, E., Muhn, O., Mahbub, S., Ansari, D., Osman, H., Awad, R., Al-Ghita, M. K., Thornhill, R. E., Walsh, C., et al. (2026) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.70467 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationIs MRI Better than CT for the LI-RADS?
Ronot, M. (2023) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.222755 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationTop 10 Tips for Writing Materials and Methods in Radiology: A Brief Guide for Authors
Atzen, S. L. (2024) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.240306 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Editorial Comment: What Matters Most for Cystic Renal Masses?
van der Pol, C. B. (2025) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.24.32619
Hu, X., Sun, Y.-K., Miao, Y., Chen, X., Lu, D., Zhou, B., Wang, L., Zhao, C.-K., Yin, H., Li, X., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112076
LI-RADS Ancillary Features: No Impact on Diagnostic Performance but Might Be Useful
Searleman, A. C. (2025) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.251808
Performance of CEUS LI-RADS v2017 major feature combinations: individual patient data meta-analysis
Awad, R., Naringrekar, H., Adamo, R. G., Lam, E., Alabousi, M., Al-Ghita, M. K., Wilson, S. R., Salameh, J., Bashir, M. R., Costa, A. F., et al. (2026) · Abdominal Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00261-026-05417-0
Self-citationKadi, D., Kruse, D. E., Abedrabbo, N., Morrison, S., Erkanli, A., Costa, A. F., McInnes, M. D. F., van der Pol, C. B., & Bashir, M. R. (2026) · Abdominal Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00261-026-05613-y
Self-citationLI-RADS v2018 versus KLCA-NCC v2022: comparison of probability-based HCC categories
Yoon, J. H., Lee, E. S., Kim, Y. W., Lee, C. H., Kim, J. W., Chang, W., Choi, J., Park, B. J., Choi, J.-Y., Kim, S., et al. (2026) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-026-12696-0
Self-citationCosta, A. F. (2026) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.70453
- Authors
- van der Pol, C. B., McInnes, M. D. F., Salameh, J.-P., Chernyak, V., Tang, A., Bashir, M. R., for the LI-RADS IPD Group, Allen, B. C., Burke, L. M. B., Choi, J.-Y., Choi, S. H., Forner, A., Fraum, T. J., Giamperoli, A., Jiang, H., Joo, I., Kang, Z., Kierans, A. S., Kang, H.-J., Khatri, G., Kim, J. H., Kim, M.-J., Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y.-Y., Kwon, H., Lee, J. M., Levis, B., Lewis, S. C., McGinty, K. A., Mulazzani, L., Park, M.-S., Piscaglia, F., Podgórska, J., Reiner, C. S., Ronot, M., Rosiak, G., Sirlin, C. B., Song, B., Song, J. S., Terzi, E., Wang, J., Wang, W., Wilson, S. R., & Yokoo, T.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Yonsei University (KR)
- Asan Medical Center (KR)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Sichuan University (CN)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Tongji Hospital (CN)
- Seoul National University Hospital (KR)
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola (IT)
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- van der Pol, Christian B.
- McInnes, Matthew D. F.
- Salameh, Jean-Paul
- Chernyak, Victoria
- Tang, An
- Bashir, Mustafa R.
- Allen, Brian C.
- Choi, Jin-Young
- Choi, Sang Hyun
- Forner, Alejandro
- Fraum, Tyler J.
- Giamperoli, Alice
- Jiang, Hanyu
- Joo, Ijin
- Kierans, Andrea S.
- Kang, Hyo-Jin
- Khatri, Gaurav
- Kim, Jung Hoon
- Kim, Myeong-Jin
- Kim, So Yeon
- Kim, Yeun-Yoon
- Kwon, Heejin
- Lee, Jeong Min
- Levis, Brooke
- Lewis, Sara C.
- McGinty, Katrina A.
- Mulazzani, Lorenzo
- Park, Mi-Suk
- Piscaglia, Fabio
- Podgórska, Joanna
- Reiner, Caecilia S.
- Ronot, Maxime
- Rosiak, Grzegorz
- Sirlin, Claude B.
- Song, Bin
- Song, Ji Soo
- Wang, Jin
- Wang, Wei
- Wilson, Stephanie R.
- Venue
- Radiology
- Published
- 2022-06
- Volume
- 303
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 544-545
- ISSN
- 0033-8419 (ISSN-L)
- 1527-1315
- OpenAlex
- W4214772152
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 4.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nd
- Locations
- Radiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- Funders
- Joan Sealy Trust for Cancer Research
- Fonds de Recherche du Québec–Santé (FRQS) Junior 2 Clinical Research Scholarship
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Keywords
- hepatocellular carcinoma, LI-RADS, reference materials, liver cancer diagnosis, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, diagnostic accuracy
- MeSH terms
- Contrast Media, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Reference Standards, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
