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Somatostatin Receptor Imaging with 68 Ga DOTATATE PET/CT: Clinical Utility, Normal Patterns, Pearls, and Pitfalls in Interpretation

Hofman, Michael S., Lau, W. F. Eddie, Hicks, Rodney J.·2015·RadioGraphics
DOI 10.1148/rg.352140164
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Abstract

Gallium 68 ((68)Ga) 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-octreotate (DOTATATE, GaTate) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique for detecting and characterizing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). GaTate, a somatostatin analog, has recently been accorded orphan drug status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, thereby increasing interest in and availability of this radiotracer. GaTate PET/CT allows whole-body imaging of cell surface expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and is rapidly evolving as the new imaging standard of reference for the detection and characterization of NETs. The authors discuss the normal appearance at GaTate PET/CT and the utility of this modality in a variety of these tumors, including gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and bronchial NETs as well as pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, meningioma, and oncogenic osteomalacia. In addition, they discuss potential causes of false-positive findings, including pancreatic uncinate process activity, inflammation, osteoblastic activity, and splenosis. They also highlight the complementary role of 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) PET/CT, including the advantages of using both GaTate PET/CT and FDG PET/CT to evaluate sites of well- and poorly differentiated disease. The use of GaTate PET/CT together with FDG PET/CT allows identification of tumor heterogeneity, which provides prognostic information and can be pivotal in guiding biopsy.…

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  • Sources of false positive or negative findings still remain with higher-specificity tracers and must be considered during image interpretation.

    “However, sources of false positive or negative findings still remain with these tracers [131,132,133,134] and must be considered during image interpretation.”

    From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [133]

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Metadata

Authors
Hofman, M. S., Lau, W. F. E., & Hicks, R. J.
Affiliations
The University of Melbourne (AU)
ORCID
Venue
RadioGraphics
Publisher
Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
Published
2015-03
Volume
35
Issue
2
Pages
500-516
ISSN
  • 0271-5333 (ISSN-L)
  • 1527-1323
DOI
10.1148/rg.352140164
OpenAlex
W2083853142
Cited by
561
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 8
FWCI
27.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Radiographics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Keywords
68Ga-DOTATATE, somatostatin receptor imaging, neuroendocrine tumors, false positives, splenosis, pancreatic uncinate process, FDG PET/CT, tumor heterogeneity, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, theranostics, pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, meningioma, oncogenic osteomalacia, restaging
MeSH terms
Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Organometallic Compounds, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Receptors, Somatostatin, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Positron-Emission Tomography, Multimodal Imaging

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