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Monitoring of Intercalation Stages in Lithium-Ion Cells over Charge-Discharge Cycles with Fiber Optic Sensors
Open accessAbstract
Lithium (Li)-ion cells have shown great promise as an enabler for clean, renewable energy storage. However, a key factor hindering their mass adoption in fielded renewable energy systems has been management of their functional performance for more effective battery utilization and control over their life. Over the course of charge and discharge cycles, the cell electrode materials undergo reversible material phase changes, known as intercalation stage transitions, which tend to drift or change as the cell ages or degrades. Monitoring these in real-time during fielded use would be very beneficial for effective cell state estimation in battery management systems (BMS). Presently these are only characterizable using special long-duration laboratory tests such as slow scan cyclic voltammetry. This paper focuses on the potential of hair-thin fiber-optic (FO) sensors to monitor intercalation stage transition points. Sharp features were observed in the signals from FO sensors bonded on cells at certain SOC values in a repeatable manner across different cycles at various C rates. These were demonstrated to correlate with intercalation stage transitions. This novel capability enabled by FO sensors can be useful both as a Li-ion cell design characterization tool and for run-time monitoring by BMS.
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Intercalation/de-intercalation of Li-ions in/from electrode active materials is associated with volume change, expanding and contracting in repeatable patterns.
“The intercalation/de-intercalation of Li-ions in/from the electrode active materials is associated with volume change, expanding and contracting in repeatable patterns [72].”
From Data-driven health estimation and lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries: A review (2019) · cites this paper as [72]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sommer, L. W., Raghavan, A., Kiesel, P., Saha, B., Schwartz, J., Lochbaum, A., Ganguli, A., Bae, C.-J., & Alamgir, M.
- Affiliations
- Palo Alto Research Center (US)
- LG Chem (South Korea) (KR)
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- A2664-A2669
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7111
- OpenAlex
- W2566149338
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 4.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DEAR0000274)
- Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (AR0000274, DE-AR0000274)
- Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Battery Modeling and Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- Keywords
- lithium-ion cells, fiber optic sensors, charge-discharge cycling, battery management systems, battery degradation, state of charge, C-rate, real-time battery monitoring
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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