Cited by 106Barrier Structure and Function StudiesAmino Acid Enzymes and MetabolismDrug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms

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Na+-dependent transport of large neutral amino acids occurs at the abluminal membrane of the blood-brain barrier

O'Kane, Robyn L., Hawkins, Richard A.·2003·American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00193.2003

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Abstract

Several Na+-dependent carriers of amino acids exist on the abluminal membrane of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These Na+-dependent carriers are in a position to transfer amino acids from the extracellular fluid of brain to the endothelial cells and thence to the circulation. To date, carriers have been found that may remove nonessential, nitrogen-rich, or acidic (excitatory) amino acids, all of which may be detrimental to brain function. We describe here Na+-dependent transport of large neutral amino acids across the abluminal membrane of the BBB that cannot be ascribed to currently known systems. Fresh brains, from cows killed for food, were used. Microvessels were isolated, and contaminating fragments of basement membranes, astrocyte fragments, and pericytes were removed. Abluminal-enriched membrane fractions from these microvessels were prepared. Transport was Na+ dependent, voltage sensitive, and inhibited by 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid, a particular inhibitor of the facilitative large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) system. The carrier has a high affinity for leucine (Km 21 +/- 7 microM) and is inhibited by other neutral amino acids, including glutamine, histidine, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. Other established neutral amino acids may enter the brain by way of LAT1-type facilitative transport. The presence of a Na+-dependent carrier on the abluminal membrane capable of removing large neutral amino a…

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Authors: O'Kane, R. L., & Hawkins, R. A.
Affiliations: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Finch University of Health Sciences/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science (US)
ORCID: Hawkins, Richard A.
Venue: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 2003-12
Volume: 285
Issue: 6
Pages: E1167-E1173
ISSN: 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
1522-1555
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00193.2003
OpenAlex: W2141267676
Cited by: 105
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 3.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS041405, NS-041405)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
Keywords: blood-brain barrier, Na+-dependent amino acid transport, large neutral amino acids, LAT1, amino acid transporters, leucine, essential amino acids, excitatory amino acids, endothelial cells
MeSH terms: Amino Acids, Essential, Animals, Biological Transport, Active, Blood-Brain Barrier, Capillary Permeability, Cattle, Cell Membrane, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cells, Cultured, Endothelium, Vascular, Sodium, Extracellular Fluid

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Na+-dependent transport of large neutral amino acids occurs at the abluminal membrane of the blood-brain barrier

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