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Effect of growth hormone and resistance exercise on muscle growth and strength in older men
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether growth hormone (GH) administration enhances the muscle protein anabolism associated with heavy-resistance exercise training in older men. Twenty-three healthy, sedentary men (67 +/- 1 yr) with low serum insulin-like growth factor I levels followed a 16-wk progressive resistance exercise program (75-90% max strength, 4 days/wk) after random assignment to either a GH (12.5-24 micrograms.kg-1.day-1; n = 8) or placebo (n = 15) group. Fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water increased more in the GH group. Whole body protein synthesis and breakdown rates increased in the GH group after treatment. However, increments in vastus lateralis muscle protein synthesis rate, urinary creatinine excretion, and training-specific isotonic and isokinetic muscle strength were similar in both groups, while 24-h urinary 3-methylhistidine excretion was unchanged after treatment. These observations suggest that resistance exercise training improved muscle strength and anabolism in older men, but these improvements were not enhanced when exercise was combined with daily GH administration. The greater increase in FFM with GH treatment may have been due to an increase in noncontractile protein and fluid retention.
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GH replacement does not appear to enhance the exercise benefit on muscle strength.
“Thus, GH replacement does not seem to enhance the exercise benefit on muscle strength and is not recommended as a therapy for aging individuals.”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [286]
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References 37 · Cited by 234
Research works printed but not linked: 13
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Metadata
- Authors
- Yarasheski, K. E., Zachwieja, J. J., Campbell, J. A., & Bier, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1995-02-01
- Volume
- 268
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- E268-E276
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W1883863901
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p41rr000954-34)
- National Institute on Aging (P60AG013629, AG05562, AG 00078, AG-00444)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR000954)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- growth hormone, resistance training, older men, muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein degradation, muscle strength, fat-free mass, insulin-like growth factor I, 3-methylhistidine, creatinine excretion, fluid retention, sarcopenia
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Body Composition, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Kinetics, Male, Methylhistidines, Muscle Proteins, Muscles, Osmolar Concentration, Physical Education and Training, Proteins, Growth Hormone, Exercise, Muscle Development
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