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Yohimbine increases sympathetic nerve activity and norepinephrine spillover in normal volunteers
Abstract
It has been difficult to examine clinically the physiological role of central and peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in humans. We simultaneously measured directly recorded peroneal skeletal muscle sympathoneural activity (MSNA) and the rate of appearance (spillover) of norepinephrine (NE) in forearm venous and arterial plasma before and at 15 min during intravenous administration of the alpha 2-blocker yohimbine (Yoh, 125 micrograms/kg bolus, 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1 infusion) in seven normal volunteers. Yoh administration increased mean arterial pressure by 16% (P less than 0.005), heart rate by 8% (P less than 0.05), and forearm vascular resistance by 67% (P less than 0.05). MSNA was increased by 73% (P less than 0.05), NE spillover into arterial blood by 125% (P less than 0.05), and forearm NE spillover (FSO) by 337% (P less than 0.005). Ganglion blockade by trimethaphan during Yoh infusion decreased MSNA to below detection limits and reversed Yoh-induced increases in arterial concentrations of NE and epinephrine. The results demonstrate that Yoh administration increases sympathoadrenal outflow. Because the mean increase of FSO was much larger than that of MSNA, the results suggest that alpha 2-adrenoceptors on sympathetic nerve endings modulate the neuronal release of NE for a given amount of sympathetic nerve traffic in humans; this effect seems prominent in the human limb.
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The rise in MSNA with GLP-1 is smaller than the increase (73 ± 13%) induced by yohimbine in a previous study.
“GLP-1 increased MSNA by 25%, which is comparable to the rise in MSNA upon 30° head-upright tilt in healthy subjects (27) but smaller than the increase (i.e., 73 ± 13%) induced by yohimbine in a previous study (16).”
From Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1, yohimbine, and nitrergic modulation on sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in humans (2008) · cites this paper as [16]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Grossman, E., Rea, R. F., Hoffman, A., & Goldstein, D. S.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1991-01-01
- Volume
- 260
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- R142-R147
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2268807319
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Keywords
- yohimbine, alpha2-adrenoceptors, sympathetic activity, norepinephrine spillover, sympathetic nerve terminals, peroneal muscles, forearm vascular resistance, mean arterial pressure, epinephrine, alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonism
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Blood Pressure, Catecholamines, Hemodynamics, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Nerve Endings, Synaptic Transmission, Norepinephrine, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha, Sympathetic Nervous System, Trimethaphan, Vascular Resistance, Yohimbine
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