The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Interleukin 1 alters rat sleep: temporal and dose-related effects
Abstract
Rats received various doses of interleukin 1 (IL-1) (range, 0.5-25.0 ng) or pyrogen-free saline intracerebroventricularly during the rest (light) and the active (dark) cycles of the day, and sleep-wake activity and brain temperature were determined for 6 h. Low doses of IL-1 (0.5 ng at night, 2.5 ng during the day) increased both the duration of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS) and electroencephalogram (EEG) slow-wave activity during NREMS episodes. Increasing doses of IL-1 had divergent effects on NREMS duration and EEG slow-wave activity, and the direction of the changes depended on the diurnal cycle. Thus NREMS duration was promoted at night and EEG slow-wave amplitudes during the day, whereas NREMS duration during the day and EEG slow-wave amplitudes at night were suppressed after higher doses of IL-1. High doses of IL-1 also induced decreases in rapid-eye-movement sleep during both phases of the day. Each dose of IL-1 that promoted NREMS also tended to increase brain temperature. These results demonstrate that IL-1 promotes NREMS in the rat. However, unlike previously reported findings in rabbits, the circadian rhythm of sleep regulation strongly interferes with the sleep-promoting activity of IL-1 in rats.
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“These findings established both cytokines, IL-1 and TNF, as substances involved in the homeostatic regulation of sleep (for review, see Refs. 299, 411).”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [411]
In the citing paper
“increasing the availability of those cytokines promoted NREM sleep amount and intensity and suppressed REM sleep amount.”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [411]
In the citing paper
“blocking the biological actions of the cytokines IL-1 and TNF resulted in a reduction of physiological NREM sleep amount or NREM sleep rebound after sleep deprivation.”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [411]
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The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease
Besedovsky, L., Lange, T., & Haack, M. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00010.2018 · Cited by 1,479
Sleep and inflammation: partners in sickness and in health
Irwin, M. R. (2019) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0190-z · Cited by 1,138
Evidence for an immune response in major depression: A review and hypothesis
Maes, M. (1995) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0278-5846(94)00101-m · Cited by 1,003
“II-lb has somnogenic effects and reduces wakefulness; higher concentrations, however, may suppress REM and non-REM sleep (Susie and Totic, 1989; Opp et al., 1991; Opp and Krueger, 1991; Kapas et al., 1991).”
BackgroundHow (and why) the immune system makes us sleep
Imeri, L., & Opp, M. R. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2576 · Cited by 710
Self-citationSleep health: Reciprocal regulation of sleep and innate immunity
Irwin, M. R., & Opp, M. R. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.148 · Cited by 624
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Metadata
- Authors
- Opp, M. R., Obal, F., & Krueger, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee,Memphis 38163.
- ORCID
- Opp, M. R.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1991-01-01
- Volume
- 260
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- R52-R58
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2286922506
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-27250, NS-25378, R01NS027250, R01NS025378)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- interleukin-1, sleep regulation, NREM sleep, REM sleep, EEG slow-wave activity, circadian rhythm, dose-dependent effects, brain temperature, intracerebroventricular administration, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Circadian Rhythm, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Electroencephalography, Interleukin-1, Light, Male, Rats, Inbred Strains, Sleep, REM, Temperature, Rats
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