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Body temperatures during menopausal hot flashes
Abstract
Body temperatures during hot flashes were measured in a menopausal woman. Internal temperatures fell after each flash; lowest: rectal, 35.6 degrees C; vaginal, 35.6 degrees C; tympanic, 35.2 degrees C. Where sweating occurred, the skin temperature fell during the flash and rose after it. Finger and toe temperatures always showed a sharp rise at the onset of a flash with a slower fall after the flash. Only the cheeks showed additional temperature rises; maximum, 0.7 degrees C. The heart accelerated 13% at the onset of the flash but slowed immediately thereafter. The flash interval was sharply demarcated by undulations in the ECG baseline. There was never any premonitory sign of the imminence of a flash. A central excitatory state seemed to build up, perhaps by the accumulation of a chemical compound, but not of heat, which was explosively dischargedmthe thermal distress was probably evoked by vascular warming in the cheeks. Dabbing the malar prominences with cold water brought prompt relief.
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“After a hot flush is triggered, the core temperature drops (Fig. 3) (Freedman, 2001; Kronenberg, 1990; Molnar, 1975), as expected with the activation of heat dissipation effectors.”
From Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: A novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes (2013) · cites this paper as Molnar, 1975
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Melatonin: a major regulator of the circadian rhythm of core temperature in humans
Cagnacci, A., Elliott, J. A., & Yen, S. S. C. (1992) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.75.2.1639946 · Cited by 396
Rance, N. E., Dacks, P. A., Mittelman-Smith, M. A., Romanovsky, A. A., & Krajewski-Hall, S. J. (2013) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.003 · Cited by 380
“Vasodilatation causes heat loss from the body by increasing the skin temperature, and thus can be objectively monitored by a temperature probe on the surface of the skin (Meldrum et al., 1979; Molnar, 1975).”
BackgroundFreedman, R. R. (2001) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.1077 · Cited by 369
“These areas include the fingers, toes, cheek, forehead, forearm, upper arm, chest, abdomen, back, calf, and thigh (Molnar, 1975; Tataryn et al., 1980; Kronenberg et al., 1984; Freedman, 1998).”
BackgroundStearns, V., Ullmer, L., López, J. F., Smith, Y. R., Isaacs, C. J., & Hayes, D. F. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11774-0 · Cited by 358
(2004) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/01.gme.0000108177.85442.71 · Cited by 342
“temperatures are associated with a lower incidence of hot flashes.(19,20) • Previously, it was believed that hot flash risk was”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Molnar, G. W.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1975-03-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 499-503
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2257282484
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Keywords
- menopausal hot flashes, body temperature, rectal temperature, vaginal temperature, tympanic temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, sweating, menopause
- MeSH terms
- Body Temperature, Cheek, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Menopause, Middle Aged, Skin Temperature, Time Factors
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