The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Architectural and functional features of human triceps surae muscles during contraction
Abstract
Architectural properties of the triceps surae muscles were determined in vivo for six men. The ankle was positioned at 15° dorsiflexion (−15°) and 0, 15, and 30° plantar flexion, with the knee set at 0, 45, and 90°. At each position, longitudinal ultrasonic images of the medial (MG) and lateral (LG) gastrocnemius and soleus (Sol) muscles were obtained while the subject was relaxed (passive) and performed maximal isometric plantar flexion (active), from which fascicle lengths and angles with respect to the aponeuroses were determined. In the passive condition, fascicle lengths changed from 59, 65, and 43 mm (knee, 0°; ankle, −15°) to 32, 41, and 30 mm (knee, 90° ankle, 30°) for MG, LG, and Sol, respectively. Fascicle shortening by contraction was more pronounced at longer fascicle lengths. MG had greatest fascicle angles, ranging from 22 to 67°, and was in a very disadvantageous condition when the knee was flexed at 90°, irrespective of ankle positions. Different lengths and angles of fascicles, and their changes by contraction, might be related to differences in force-producing capabilities of the muscles and elastic characteristics of tendons and aponeuroses.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Data on the distribution of fibre types in thirty-six human muscles
Johnson, M. A., Polgar, J., Weightman, D., & Appleton, D. (1973) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(73)90023-3 · Cited by 2,200
Spector, S. A., Gardiner, P. F., Zernicke, R. F., Roy, R. R., & Edgerton, V. R. (1980) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1980.44.5.951 · Cited by 397
Cited by
Functional and clinical significance of skeletal muscle architecture
Lieber, R. L., & Frid�n, J. (2000) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/1097-4598(200011)23:11<1647::aid-mus1>3.0.co;2-m · Cited by 1,254
A biologically-inspired multi-joint soft exosuit that can reduce the energy cost of loaded walking
Panizzolo, F. A., Galiana, I., Asbeck, A. T., Siviy, C., Schmidt, K., Holt, K. G., & Walsh, C. J. (2016) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-016-0150-9 · Cited by 291
Del Balso, C., & Cafarelli, E. (2007) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00477.2006 · Cited by 252
Duclay, J., Martin, A., Duclay, A., Cometti, G., & Pousson, M. (2009) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.21297 · Cited by 147
Cronin, N. J., Peltonen, J., Ishikawa, M., Komi, P. V., Avela, J., Sinkjaer, T., & Voigt, M. (2008) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90432.2008 · Cited by 49
Metadata
- Authors
- Kawakami, Y., Ichinose, Y., & Fukunaga, T.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1998-08-01
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 398-404
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2126842423
- Cited by
- 546
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 10.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Architectural and functional features of human triceps surae muscles during contraction. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1152/jappl.1998.85.2.398
- The paper
- Kawakami, Y., Ichinose, Y., & Fukunaga, T. (1998). Architectural and functional features of human triceps surae muscles during contraction. Journal of Applied Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.85.2.398
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.