S-adenosylmethionine mediates inhibition of inflammatory response and changes in DNA methylation in human macrophages
Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the unique methyl donor in DNA methylation, has been shown to lower lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in macrophages. The aim of this study was to assess whether epigenetic mechanisms mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of SAM. Human monocytic THP1 cells were differentiated into macrophages and treated with 0, 500, or 1,000 μmol/l SAM for 24 h, followed by stimulation with LPS. TNFα and IL-10 expression levels were measured by real-time PCR, cellular concentrations of SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a metabolite of SAM, were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and DNA methylation was measured with LC-MS/MS and microarrays. Relative to control (0 μmol/l SAM), treatment with 500 μmol/l SAM caused a significant decrease in TNF-α expression (−45%, P < 0.05) and increase in IL-10 expression (+77%, P < 0.05). Treatment with 1,000 μmol/l SAM yielded no significant additional benefits. Relative to control, 500 μmol/l SAM increased cellular SAM concentrations twofold without changes in SAH, and 1,000 μmol/l SAM increased cellular SAM sixfold and SAH fourfold. Global DNA methylation increased 7% with 500 μmol/l SAM compared with control. Following treatment with 500 μmol/l SAM, DNA methylation microarray analysis identified 765 differentially methylated regions associated with 918 genes. Pathway analysis of these genes identified a biological network associated with cardiovascular disease, including a subset of genes that were differentially hypomethylated and whose expression levels were altered by SAM. Our data indicate that SAM modulates the expression of inflammatory genes in association with changes in specific gene promoter DNA methylation.
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SAM reduces the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFa and the chemoattractant CCL2 and its receptor CCR2, in association with DNA methylation changes in specific gene promotor.
“SAM reduces the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFa and the chemoattractant CCL2 and its receptor CCR2, in association with DNA methylation changes in specific gene promotor.393”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [393]
DNA methylation by SAM increases IL-10 expression, an anti-inflammatory cytokine.
“In contrast, DNA methylation by SAM increases IL-10 expression, an anti-inflammatory cytokine.393”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [393]
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- Authors
- Pfalzer, A. C., Choi, S.-W., Tammen, S. A., Park, L. K., Bottiglieri, T., Parnell, L. D., & Lamon-Fava, S.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts; and
- Venue
- Physiological Genomics
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2014-09-01
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 617-623
- ISSN
- 1094-8341 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-2267
- OpenAlex
- W2003829093
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physiological Genomics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- S-adenosylmethionine, DNA methylation, macrophages, lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α, IL-10, S-adenosylhomocysteine, epigenetic regulation, inflammation, differentially methylated regions, cardiovascular disease genes, THP-1 cells
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Cell Line, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Inflammation, Macrophages, S-Adenosylhomocysteine, S-Adenosylmethionine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-10, DNA Methylation, Gene Regulatory Networks
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