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Cited by 848

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 488 of the 488 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cellular and Synaptic Adaptations Mediating Opioid Dependence

Williams, John T., Christie, MacDonald J., Manzoni, Olivier·2001·Physiological Reviews
DOI 10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.299
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Abstract

Although opioids are highly effective for the treatment of pain, they are also known to be intensely addictive. There has been a massive research investment in the development of opioid analgesics, resulting in a plethora of compounds with varying affinity and efficacy at all the known opioid receptor subtypes. Although compounds of extremely high potency have been produced, the problem of tolerance to and dependence on these agonists persists. This review centers on the adaptive changes in cellular and synaptic function induced by chronic morphine treatment. The initial steps of opioid action are mediated through the activation of G protein-linked receptors. As is true for all G protein-linked receptors, opioid receptors activate and regulate multiple second messenger pathways associated with effector coupling, receptor trafficking, and nuclear signaling. These events are critical for understanding the early events leading to nonassociative tolerance and dependence. Equally important are associative and network changes that affect neurons that do not have opioid receptors but that are indirectly altered by opioid-sensitive cells. Finally, opioids and other drugs of abuse have some common cellular and anatomical pathways. The characterization of common pathways affected by different drugs, particularly after repeated treatment, is important in the understanding of drug abuse.

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Crossref · 10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.299

Cites

488 of 488 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

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Metadata

Authors
Williams, J. T., Christie, M. J., & Manzoni, O.
Venue
Physiological Reviews
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
2001-01-01
Volume
81
Issue
1
Pages
299-343
ISSN
  • 0031-9333 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1210
DOI
10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.299
OpenAlex
W2172734677
Cited by
848
References
488
FWCI
2.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.