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Cytotoxicity of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Aluminum in Murine Thymocytes and Lymphocytes
Open accessAbstract
The effects of low concentrations of aluminum chloride on thymocytes and lymphocytes acutely dissociated from young mice were studied using flow cytometry with a DNA-binding dye. We demonstrate a rapid and dose-dependent injury in murine thymocytes and lymphocytes resulting from exposure to aluminum, as indicated by an increase in the entry into the cell of the DNA-binding dye, propidium iodine. A 60-minute exposure to 10 μM AlCl(3) caused damage of about 5% of thymocytes, while 50% were injured after 10 minutes at 20 μM. Nearly all thymocytes showed evidence of damage at 30 μM AlCl(3) after only 5 minutes of incubation. In lymphocytes, injury was observed at 15 μM AlCl(3) and less than 50% of cells were injured after a 60-minute exposure to 20 μM. Injury only rarely proceeded to rapid cell death and was associated with cell swelling. These results suggest that aluminum has cytotoxic effects on cells of the immune system.
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Immunosuppression arises from oxidative stress associated with apoptosis of lymphocytes and damage to thymocytes and lymphocytes.
“Immunosuppression arises from oxidative stress which is associated with apoptosis of lymphocytes (Yu et al., 2019) and damage to thymocytes and lymphocytes (Kamalov et al., 2011).”
From Aluminium toxicosis: a review of toxic actions and effects (2019) · cites this paper as Kamalov et al., 2011
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Aluminium toxicosis: a review of toxic actions and effects
Igbokwe, I. O., Igwenagu, E., & Igbokwe, N. A. (2019) · Interdisciplinary Toxicology · doi:10.2478/intox-2019-0007 · Cited by 395
“Immunosuppression arises from oxidative stress which is associated with apoptosis of lymphocytes (Yu et al., 2019) and damage to thymocytes and lymphocytes (Kamalov et al., 2011).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Kamalov, J., Carpenter, D. O., & Birman, I.
- Affiliations
- University at Albany, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carpenter, David O.
- ORCID
- Carpenter, David O.
- Venue
- Journal of Toxicology
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 2011
- Pages
- 1-7
- ISSN
- 1687-8191 (ISSN-L)
- 1687-8205
- PMC
- PMC3135276
- OpenAlex
- W2160002358
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Toxicology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Keywords
- aluminum chloride, aluminum toxicity, cytotoxicity, thymocytes, lymphocytes, immune cells, DNA damage, cell swelling, cell death
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