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Cited by 203Trace Elements in HealthParkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsNeurological diseases and metabolism

Copper and Copper Proteins in Parkinson’s Disease

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Montes, Sergio, Rivera-Mancia, Susana, Diaz-Ruiz, Araceli, Tristan-Lopez, Luis, Rios, Camilo·2014·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
DOI 10.1155/2014/147251PMC PMC3941957
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Abstract

Copper is a transition metal that has been linked to pathological and beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease, free copper is related to increased oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein oligomerization, and Lewy body formation. Decreased copper along with increased iron has been found in substantia nigra and caudate nucleus of Parkinson’s disease patients. Copper influences iron content in the brain through ferroxidase ceruloplasmin activity; therefore decreased protein-bound copper in brain may enhance iron accumulation and the associated oxidative stress. The function of other copper-binding proteins such as Cu/Zn-SOD and metallothioneins is also beneficial to prevent neurodegeneration. Copper may regulate neurotransmission since it is released after neuronal stimulus and the metal is able to modulate the function of NMDA and GABA A receptors. Some of the proteins involved in copper transport are the transporters CTR1, ATP7A, and ATP7B and the chaperone ATOX1. There is limited information about the role of those biomolecules in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease; for instance, it is known that CTR1 is decreased in substantia nigra pars compacta in Parkinson’s disease and that a mutation in ATP7B could be associated with Parkinson’s disease. Regarding copper-related therapies, copper supplementation can represent a plausible alternative, while copper chelation may even aggravate the pathology.

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  • In plaques from persons with Alzheimer's disease, iron and aluminum appear to cause plaque formation while copper and zinc may be protective.

    “In plaques from persons with Alzheimer’s disease, iron and aluminum appear to cause plaque formation while copper and zinc may be protective [26,27,28,35,36,37].”

    From The Effect of the Human Peptide GHK on Gene Expression Relevant to Nervous System Function and Cognitive Decline (2017) · cites this paper as [37]

    Section 4.4 discusses amyloid precursor protein, copper, and iron, but not plaque formation in people with Alzheimer’s disease. Searches for aluminum and for the claimed roles of all four metals found no passage addressing whether iron and aluminum promote plaques or copper and zinc protect against them. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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References 162 · Cited by 203

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Authors
Montes, S., Rivera-Mancia, S., Diaz-Ruiz, A., Tristan-Lopez, L., & Rios, C.
Affiliations
  • Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (MX)
  • Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Colonia La Fama, 14269 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
ORCID
Montes, Sergio
Venue
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2014
Volume
2014
Pages
1-15
ISSN
  • 1942-0994 (ISSN-L)
  • 1942-0900
DOI
10.1155/2014/147251
PMC
PMC3941957
OpenAlex
W2011095090
Cited by
203
References
162
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 2
FWCI
1.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (18366)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
Keywords
copper, Parkinson's disease, copper-binding proteins, oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein oligomerization, Lewy bodies, iron accumulation, ceruloplasmin, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, metallothionein, neurotransmission, NMDA receptor, GABAA receptor, copper transporters, CTR1, ATP7A, ATP7B, Atox1, substantia nigra, copper supplementation, copper chelation
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Transport, Copper, Humans, Metalloproteins, Parkinson Disease

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