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Cited by 18Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants StudiesMedicinal Plant ResearchEssential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity

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Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Oral and Skin Infections in Ebem-Ohafia District, Abia State, Nigeria

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Oyedemi, Blessing O., Oyedemi, Sunday O., Chibuzor, Johnson V., Ijeh, Ifeoma I., Coopoosamy, Roger M., Aiyegoro, Ayobami O.·2018·The Scientific World Journal
DOI 10.1155/2018/4757458PMC PMC6077515
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Abstract

Oral and skin infections contribute significantly to the global health challenges responsible for the current trend of increased morbidity and premature death. The purpose of this study was to document medicinal plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in Ebem-Ohafia Local Government Area (LGA), Abia State, and to characterize the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling of ten of the selected folklore medicine was carried out using a various solvent system of different polarity index. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was evaluated using chemical-based methods, and its antibacterial effect was investigated using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Sixty-one plant species belonging to 26 families were discovered, and the most frequently cited species are Euphorbiaceae (18.03%), Fabaceae (11.47%), and Asteraceae (11.47%). All the plant extracts showed a promising free radical scavenging activity and efficient ferric reducing antioxidant power in a concentration-dependent manner possibly due to their richness in polyphenol with TLC profiling showing maximum three bands of phytochemicals. Also, the plant extracts exhibited a mild to weak antibacterial activity against our panel of bacterial strains having MIC values ranging from 256 to > 512 μ g/ mL reflected in their zone of inhibition at 10 μ g/disc. The data obtained for Breynia nivosa (BN), Eleusine indica (EI), Cassia alata (CA), Chromolaena odorata (CO), and Acalypha hispida (AH) extracts substantiate the traditional use of these herbal remedies in the region and open the possibility for the development of cheaper and affordable drugs in the treatment of oral and skin infections. Further studies are needed to identify active ingredient with strong antibacterial and antioxidant capacities along with their molecular mechanisms.

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Figure 1 The total phenolic content (TPC) of selected plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; TAE, tannic acid equivalent.
Figure 1 The total phenolic content (TPC) of selected plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; TAE, tannic acid equivalent.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 The total flavonoid content (TFC) of selected plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; QE, Quercetin equivalent.
Figure 2 The total flavonoid content (TFC) of selected plants used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; QE, Quercetin equivalent.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 The ferric reducing antioxidative capacity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; GA, gallic acid; Vit C, vitamin C (standard antioxidants).
Figure 3 The ferric reducing antioxidative capacity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata; GA, gallic acid; Vit C, vitamin C (standard antioxidants).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 DPPH free radical scavenging activity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata.
Figure 4 DPPH free radical scavenging activity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 ABTS free radical scavenging activity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata.
Figure 5 ABTS free radical scavenging activity of selected plant extracts used in the management of oral and skin infections in southeast folklore medicine of Nigeria. II, Ipomoea involucrata; AH, Acalypha hispida; BN, Breynia nivosa; JC, Jatropha curcas; CO, Chromolaena odorata; MM, Macrolobium macrophyllum; EI, Eleusine indica; BNI, Baphia nitida; BA, Burkea africana; CA, Cassia alata.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Citations

Cites

  • Eleucine indica Possesses Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Properties

    Al-Zubairi, A. S., Abdul, A. B., Abdelwahab, S. I., Peng, C. Y., Mohan, S., & Elhassan, M. M. (2011) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/nep091 · Cited by 50 · cited 2×

    “Furthermore, the observed antibacterial activity exhibited by EI, CA, and CO extracts against the superbugs of modern day healthcare [38] is worth noting whichmay perhaps attribute to a wide variety of secondary metabolites especially phenolics and flavonoids that have been reported with potent antimicrobial propertie…”
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Metadata

Authors
Oyedemi, B. O., Oyedemi, S. O., Chibuzor, J. V., Ijeh, I. I., Coopoosamy, R. M., & Aiyegoro, A. O.
Affiliations
  • Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (NG)
  • Mangosuthu University of Technology (ZA)
  • GI Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Animal Production Institute, Irene, Pretoria 0062, South Africa
Corresponding author
Oyedemi, Sunday O.
ORCID
Venue
The Scientific World Journal
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-07-04
Volume
2018
Pages
1-16
ISSN
  • 1537-744X (ISSN-L)
  • 2356-6140
DOI
10.1155/2018/4757458
PMC
PMC6077515
OpenAlex
W2811172772
Cited by
18
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 2
FWCI
1.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Scientific World JOURNAL (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Research Foundation
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Keywords
medicinal plants, oral infection, skin infections, folk medicine, traditional herbal medicine, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, free radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, phytochemical profiling, Eleusine indica, Cassia alata, Chromolaena odorata, Acalypha hispida
MeSH terms
Animals, Antioxidants, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Flavonoids, Free Radicals, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mouth Diseases, Nigeria, Phenols, Plant Extracts, Plants, Medicinal, Skin Diseases, Infectious, Free Radical Scavengers

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Oral and Skin Infections in Ebem-Ohafia District, Abia State, Nigeria. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1155/2018/4757458
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Oyedemi, B. O., Oyedemi, S. O., Chibuzor, J. V., Ijeh, I. I., Coopoosamy, R. M., & Aiyegoro, A. O. (2018). Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Oral and Skin Infections in Ebem-Ohafia District, Abia State, Nigeria. The Scientific World Journal. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4757458