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Cited by 22Phytoestrogen effects and researchGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsNutritional Studies and Diet

Effects of tomato- and soy-rich diets on the igf-I hormonal network: a crossover study of postmenopausal women at high risk for breast cancer

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McLaughlin, John M., Olivo-Marston, Susan, Vitolins, Mara Z., Bittoni, Marisa, Reeves, Katherine W., Degraffinreid, Cecilia R., Schwartz, Steven J., Clinton, Steven K. +1 more·2011·Cancer Prevention Research
DOI 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0329PMC PMC3837570
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Abstract

To determine whether dietary modifications with tomato products and/or a soy supplement affected circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and other markers of cell signaling in postmenopausal women at risk for developing breast cancer. Eligible and consented postmenopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer were enrolled in a 26-week, two-arm (tomato and soy, 10 weeks each) longitudinal dietary intervention study in which each woman served as her own control. Changes in biochemical endpoints including IGF-I, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, estradiol, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), C-peptide, and insulin were measured for each intervention arm. Carotenoid and isoflavone levels were measured to assess adherence. Significant increases in carotenoid and isoflavone levels during the tomato and soy study arms, respectively, suggested that women were adherent to both arms of the intervention. The tomato-rich diet had little effect on cell-signaling biomarkers previously associated with breast cancer risk. However, results of the soy intervention showed that concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 increased by 21.6 and 154.7 μmol/L, respectively (P = 0.001 for both) and SHBG decreased by 5.4 μmol/L (P < 0.001) after consumption of the soy protein supplement. Increased soy protein intake may lead to small, but significant, increases in IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Soy consumption also led to a significant decrease in SHBG, which has been hypothesized to promote, rather than prevent, cancer growth. Previous epidemiologic studies, however, have confirmed protective effect of soy on breast cancer. Additional investigation about the effect of soy on breast cancer risk and its mechanism of action is warranted. Cancer Prev Res; 4(5); 702–10. ©2011 AACR.

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  • A total of 18 RCTs assessed circulating estrogen levels; 15 of 18 found no significant impact from soy compared to control.

    “A total of 18 RCTs assessed circulating estrogens levels (E1, E2, and/ or E3) Fifteen of 18 studies found no significant impact from soy compared to the control group (p>0.05) [129,132,133,138,140,143,145,147,149,150,155,156,158,160,163].”

    From Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [133]

    The Methods (Measurement; page unavailable) list estradiol as a measured endpoint, and the Results (Soy Arm; page unavailable) identify significant changes in other biomarkers but not estradiol. This supports treating the paper as a soy-intervention study that assessed a circulating estrogen, but it does not establish the claim's count of 18 RCTs or 15 null findings. The study compared measurements before and after its soy arm rather than reporting a soy-versus-control-group result. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Authors
McLaughlin, J. M., Olivo-Marston, S., Vitolins, M. Z., Bittoni, M., Reeves, K. W., Degraffinreid, C. R., Schwartz, S. J., Clinton, S. K., & Paskett, E. D.
Affiliations
  • Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
  • Authors' Affiliations: 1Comprehensive Cancer Center; 2Division of Epidemiology and 3Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health; 4Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; Divisions of 5Medical Oncology and 6Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and 7Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Corresponding author
McLaughlin, John M.
ORCID
Venue
Cancer Prevention Research
Publisher
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Published
2011-05-01
Volume
4
Issue
5
Pages
702-710
ISSN
  • 1940-6207 (ISSN-L)
  • 1940-6215
DOI
10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0329
PMC
PMC3837570
OpenAlex
W2145028999
Cited by
22
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cancer Prevention Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (P30CA016058)
  • National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025755)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Phytoestrogen effects and research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
insulin-like growth factor I, IGF binding protein-3, sex hormone-binding globulin, postmenopausal women, breast cancer risk, carotenoids, isoflavones, dietary intervention, estradiol, insulin, C-peptide
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Breast Neoplasms, Diet, Female, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Postmenopause, Solanum lycopersicum, Cross-Over Studies, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3, Soybean Proteins

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