Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis

Bhatia, Madhav; Wong, Fei Ling; Cao, Yang; Lau, Hon Yen; Huang, Jiali; Puneet, Padmam; Chevali, Lakshmi

doi:10.1159/000085265

Cited by 544Pancreatitis Pathology and TreatmentPancreatic and Hepatic Oncology ResearchGallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders

Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis

Bhatia, Madhav, Wong, Fei Ling, Cao, Yang, Lau, Hon Yen, Huang, Jiali, Puneet, Padmam, Chevali, Lakshmi·2005·Pancreatology

DOI 10.1159/000085265

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Abstract

Acute pancreatitis is a common clinical condition. It is a disease of variable severity in which some patients experience mild, self-limited attacks while others manifest a severe, highly morbid, and frequently lethal attack. The exact mechanisms by which diverse etiological factors induce an attack are still unclear. It is generally believed that the earliest events in acute pancreatitis occur within acinar cells. Acinar cell injury early in acute pancreatitis leads to a local inflammatory reaction. If this inflammatory reaction is marked, it leads to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). An excessive SIRS leads to distant organ damage and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). MODS associated with acute pancreatitis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in this condition. Recent studies have established the role played by inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and the resultant MODS. At the same time, recent research has demonstrated the importance of acinar cell death in the form of apoptosis and necrosis as a determinant of pancreatitis severity. In this review, we will discuss about our current understanding of the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis.

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Cytokine overproduction is implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue damage and lethality in pancreatitis.
“Previous work implicated cytokine overproduction in the pathogenesis of tissue damage and lethality in pancreatitis (45)(46)(47).”
From Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (2007) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors: Bhatia, M., Wong, F. L., Cao, Y., Lau, H. Y., Huang, J., Puneet, P., & Chevali, L.
Affiliations: National University of Singapore (SG)
Corresponding author: Bhatia, Madhav
ORCID: Bhatia, Madhav
Cao, Yang
Venue: Pancreatology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 2-3
Pages: 132-144
ISSN: 1424-3903 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1159/000085265
OpenAlex: W2003030880
Cited by: 544
References: 128
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 5.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Pancreatology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
Keywords: acute pancreatitis, pathophysiology, acinar cell injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, multiple organ failure, inflammatory mediators, apoptosis, necrosis, pancreatitis severity, organ damage
MeSH terms: Acute Disease, Animals, Humans, Multiple Organ Failure, Pancreatitis

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Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis

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