Modulation of oxygen-radical-scavenging enzymes by oxidative stress in primary cultures of rat astroglial cells
Abstract
Cytosolic and mitochondrial alterations induced by exposure of rat astroglial primary cultures to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) mixture or by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have been investigated biochemically and immunochemically. In the presence of ROS generated by X/XO, a significant decrease in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) and in glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was observed whereas mitochondrial Mn-SOD activity and enzyme protein levels were significantly enhanced. Similar effects on GS, Cu,Zn- and Mn-SOD activities were observed by glucose/glucose oxidase treatment of the cells. Addition of LPS to the cell growth medium also specifically induces Mn-SOD synthesis but was without effect on Cu,Zn-SOD. It is suggested that in all these tested situations, hydrogen peroxide could represent a specific inducer of the observed phenomenon and it may therefore be considered as an intracellular messenger involved in the regulation of some aspects of astroglial oxidative metabolism, particularly the defence against ROS.
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Several proteins related to glutamatergic neurotransmission contain modulatory redox sites, including glutamine synthase, serine racemase, and NMDARs.
“Several proteins related to glutamatergic neurotransmission contain modulatory redox sites, including glutamine synthase (Mustafa et al., 2007), serine racemase (responsible for synthesis of glycine, a NMDAR co-agonist, (Pinteaux et al., 1996)), and NMDARs (Choi et al., 2001).”
From Redox dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and NMDA receptor hypofunction: A “central hub” in schizophrenia pathophysiology? (2016) · cites this paper as Pinteaux et al., 1996
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“Several proteins related to glutamatergic neurotransmission contain modulatory redox sites, including glutamine synthase (Mustafa et al., 2007), serine racemase (responsible for synthesis of glycine, a NMDAR co-agonist (Pinteaux et al., 1996)), and NMDARs (Choi et al., 2001).”
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- Authors
- Pinteaux, E., Copin, J.-C., Ledig, M., & Tholey, G.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- ORCID
- Pinteaux, Emmanuel
- Venue
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2009-08-24
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 397-404
- ISSN
- 0378-5866 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9859
- OpenAlex
- W2007903498
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, astroglial cells, superoxide dismutase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, glutamine synthetase, xanthine/xanthine oxidase, lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, mitochondrial enzymes, oxidative metabolism, antioxidant defense
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Catalase, Cells, Cultured, Dialysis, Glucose, Glucose Oxidase, Lipopolysaccharides, Superoxide Dismutase, Time Factors, Xanthine Oxidase, Xanthines, Free Radical Scavengers, Cellular Senescence, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Xanthine, Rats
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