In Utero Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Causes Hypertension Due to Impaired Renal Dopamine D1 Receptor in Offspring
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Background/Aims: Adverse environment in utero can modulate adult phenotypes including blood pressure. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in utero causes hypertension in the offspring, but the exact mechanisms are not clear. Renal dopamine D1 receptor (D1R), regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4), plays an important role in the regulation of renal sodium transport and blood pressure. In this present study, we determined if renal D1R dysfunction is involved in PM2.5–induced hypertension in the offspring. Methods: Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were given an oropharyngeal drip of PM2.5 (1.0 mg/kg) at gestation day 8, 10, and 12. The blood pressure, 24-hour sodium excretion, and urine volume were measured in the offspring. The expression levels of GRK4 and D1R were determined by immunoblotting. The phosphorylation of D1R was investigated using immunoprecipitation. Plasma malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels were also measured in the offspring. Results: As compared with saline-treated dams, offspring of PM2.5-treated dams had increased blood pressure, impaired sodium excretion, and reduced D1R-mediated natriuresis and diuresis, accompanied by decreased renal D1R expression and GRK4 expression. The impaired renal D1R function and increased GRK4 expression could be caused by increased reactive oxidative stress (ROS) induced by PM2.5 exposure. Administration of tempol, a redox-cycling nitroxide, for 4 weeks in the offspring of PM2.5-treated dam normalized the decreased renal D1R expression and increased renal D1R phosphorylation and GRK4 expression. Furthermore, tempol normalized the increased renal expression of c-Myc, a transcription factor that regulates GRK4 expression. Conclusions: In utero exposure to PM2.5 increases ROS and GRK4 expression, impairs D1R-mediated sodium excretion, and increases blood pressure in the offspring. These studies suggest that normalization of D1R function may be a target for the prevention and treatment of the hypertension in offspring of mothers exposed to PM2.5 during pregnancy.
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In Sprague-Dawley rats repeatedly exposed to PM2.5 during pregnancy, exposed offspring had increased blood pressure and decreased renal G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 expression, and impaired renal dopamine D1 receptor-mediated sodium excretion.
“In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were repeatedly exposed to PM2.5 during pregnancy; exposed offspring increased offspring blood pressure and decreased renal G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4) expression, a receptor that plays an important role in sodium transport. Furthermore, exposed offspring had impaired renal dopamine D1 receptor-mediated sodium excretion.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe blood pressure and renal sodium excretion abnormalities after prenatal PM2.5 exposure were normalized by administration of the antioxidant tempol.
“Strikingly, these abnormalities were normalized by administration of the antioxidant tempol, suggesting antioxidants may serve as potential therapeutics for PM-mediated hypertension.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
IL-4 and IL-6 levels increase in response to gestational PM2.5 exposure.
“IL-4 and IL-6 levels have also been shown to increase in response to gestational PM2.5 exposure [125].”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
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Cites
Mitochondrial oxidative DNA damage and exposure to particulate air pollution in mother-newborn pairs
Grevendonk, L., Janssen, B. G., Vanpoucke, C., Lefebvre, W., Hoxha, M., Bollati, V., & Nawrot, T. S. (2016) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0095-2 · Cited by 145 · cited 1× · see citing works
“5 exposure leads to increased inflammation, enhanced production of reactive oxidative species (ROS), mitochondrial oxidative DNA damage and incident hypertension [37, 38].”
BackgroundEffect of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) on Rat Placenta Pathology and Perinatal Outcomes
Liu, Y., Wang, L., Wang, F., & Li, C. (2016) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.897808 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Weldy, C. S., Liu, Y., Chang, Y.-C., Medvedev, I. O., Fox, J. R., Larson, T. V., Chien, W.-M., & Chin, M. T. (2013) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/1743-8977-10-59 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
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Johnson, N. M., Hoffmann, A. R., Behlen, J. C., Lau, C., Pendleton, D., Harvey, N., Shore, R., Li, Y., Chen, J., Tian, Y., et al. (2021) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12199-021-00995-5 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
“[125] investigated the role of the regulation of renal sodium transport in increased blood pressure following in utero exposure to fine PM.”
BackgroundLiu, Y., Li, Y., Xu, H., Zhao, X., Zhu, Y., Zhao, B., Yao, Q., Duan, H., Guo, C., & Li, Y. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115373 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ye, Z., Lu, X., Deng, Y., Wang, X., Zheng, S., Ren, H., Zhang, M., Chen, T., Jose, P. A., Yang, J., & Zeng, C.
- Affiliations
- Army Medical University (CN)
- Chongqing Medical University (CN)
- Venue
- Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 148-159
- ISSN
- 1015-8987 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9778
- PMC
- PMC6437669
- OpenAlex
- W2795631488
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 4.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL074940, R37HL023081, R01HL023081)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- PM2.5, prenatal air pollution exposure, hypertension, GRK4, sodium excretion, diuresis, tempol, c-Myc, prenatal exposure, offspring blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Pressure, Cyclic N-Oxides, Diuresis, Female, Gestational Age, Hypertension, Kidney, Phosphorylation, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Spin Labels, Superoxide Dismutase, Down-Regulation, Up-Regulation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Dopamine D1, Oxidative Stress, Fenoldopam, Rats, Particulate Matter
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