The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exercise Capacity and the Risk of Death in Women: The St James Women Take Heart Project
Abstract
Background— Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women and accounts for more than half of their deaths. Women have been underrepresented in most studies of cardiovascular disease. Reduced physical fitness has been shown to increase the risk of death in men. Exercise capacity measured by exercise stress test is an objective measure of physical fitness. The hypothesis that reduced exercise capacity is associated with an increased risk of death was investigated in a cohort of 5721 asymptomatic women who underwent baseline examinations in 1992. Methods and Results— Information collected at baseline included medical and family history, demographic characteristics, physical examination, and symptom-limited stress ECG, using the Bruce protocol. Exercise capacity was measured in metabolic equivalents (MET). Nonfasting blood was analyzed at baseline. A National Death Index search was performed to identify all-cause death and date of death up to the end of 2000. The mean age of participants at baseline was 52±11 years. Framingham Risk Score–adjusted hazards ratios (with 95% CI) of death associated with MET levels of <5, 5 to 8, and >8 were 3.1 (2.0 to 4.7), 1.9 (1.3 to 2.9), and 1.00, respectively. The Framingham Risk Score–adjusted mortality risk decreased by 17% for every 1-MET increase. Conclusions— This is the largest cohort of asymptomatic women studied in this context over the longest period of follow-up. This study confirms that exercise capacity is an independent predictor of death in asymptomatic women, greater than what has been previously established among men. The implications for clinical practice and health care policy are far reaching.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Third, an exercise capacity or CRF ≤5 METs is associated with the poorest prognosis, signifying the least fit population cohort (i.e., the bottom quintile or 20%) [ 19 , 54 , 55 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“With the use of previously validated models to estimate functional capacity in adults,5,30 the elite performance group in this study had a mean estimated functional capacity 55% greater than estimated by age and sex.”
From Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Long-term Mortality Among Adults Undergoing Exercise Treadmill Testing (2018) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Previous studies4,5,7 of CRF and mortality have not specifically identified or analyzed patients with extremely high CRF, and it remains unclear whether there is an upper limit of CRF above which no further benefit or even harm is seen.”
From Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Long-term Mortality Among Adults Undergoing Exercise Treadmill Testing (2018) · cites this paper as [5]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011
Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories
Wilson, P. W. F., D’Agostino, R. B., Levy, D., Belanger, A. M., Silbershatz, H., & Kannel, W. B. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.18.1837 · Cited by 9,581
Downs, J. R., Clearfield, M., Weis, S., Whitney, E., Shapiro, D. R., Beere, P. A., Langendorfer, A., Stein, E. A., Kruyer, W., Gotto, Jr., et al. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.20.1615 · Cited by 5,236
Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing
Myers, J., Prakash, M., Froelicher, V., Do, D., Partington, S., & Atwood, J. E. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011858 · Cited by 4,114
Physical Activity, All-Cause Mortality, and Longevity of College Alumni
Paffenbarger, R. S., Hyde, R., Wing, A. L., & Hsieh, C.-C. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198603063141003 · Cited by 2,742
Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: A Prospective Study of Healthy Men and Women
Blair, S. N. (1989) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03430170057028 · Cited by 2,658
ACC/AHA 2002 Guideline Update for Exercise Testing: Summary Article
Gibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Bricker, J. T., CHAITMAN, B. R., Fletcher, G. F., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., McCallister, B. D., Mooss, A. N., O’Reilly, M. G., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000034670.06526.15 · Cited by 2,583
Bruce, R. A., Kusumi, F., & Hosmer, D. W. (1973) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(73)90502-4 · Cited by 2,057
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- 10.1161/circ.98.25.2836 · DOI
- 1992, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 24, S201
- 1988, Circulation, 77, 501A
- 10.1161/circ.97.18.1837 · DOI
- 10.1161/circ.74.4.3757179 · DOI
- American College of Sports Medicine. ACMS’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Baltimore Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 368.
- 10.1161/circ.83.1.1984895 · DOI
- 10.1161/circ.98.16.1622 · DOI
- 2001, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33, 762
- 10.1161/circ.100.17.1764 · DOI
- 10.1161/circ.104.14.1694 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease
Task Force Members, Montalescot, G., Sechtem, U., Achenbach, S., Andreotti, F., Arden, C., Budaj, A., Bugiardini, R., Crea, F., Cuisset, T., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht296 · Cited by 4,510
Kodama, S. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.681 · Cited by 3,035
Ross, R., Blair, S. N., Arena, R., Church, T. S., Després, J.-P., Franklin, B. A., Haskell, W. L., Kaminsky, L. A., Levine, B. D., Lavie, C. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000461 · Cited by 2,486
Fletcher, G. F., Ades, P. A., Kligfield, P., Arena, R., Balady, G. J., Bittner, V. A., Coke, L. A., Fleg, J. L., Forman, D. E., Gerber, T. C., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44 · Cited by 2,235
Weston, K. S., Wisløff, U., & Coombes, J. S. (2014) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092576 · Cited by 1,274
Metadata
- Authors
- Gulati, M., Pandey, D. K., Arnsdorf, M. F., Lauderdale, D. S., Thisted, R. A., Wicklund, R. H., Al-Hani, A. J., & Black, H. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine (M.G., D.K.P., H.R.B.) and Department of Medicine (M.G.), Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke’s Medical Center, Chicago, Ill; Division of Cardiology (M.F.A.) and Department of Health Studies (D.S.L., R.A.T.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill; and Division of Cardiology (R.H.W., A.J.A-H.), St James Hospital, Chicago Heights, Ill.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2003-09-30
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1554-1559
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2055869123
- Cited by
- 739
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 60.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- AstraZeneca
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- exercise capacity, cardiovascular mortality, women, asymptomatic women, physical fitness, metabolic equivalents, exercise stress testing, Bruce protocol, Framingham risk score, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Exercise Test, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Mortality, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Exercise Tolerance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
