Demonstration of Dual A-V Nodal Pathways in Patients with Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia

Abstract

Electrophysiological evidence suggestive of dual atrioventricular (A-V) nodal pathways is presented in two patients with normal P-R interval and reentrant paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). His bundle recordings and atrial stimulation were used to obtain this electrophysiological evidence. Refractory periods were measured with the atrial extra-stimulus technique. Plotting of H 1 -H 2 responses against A 1 -A 2 coupling intervals revealed that as A 1 -A 2 decreased, H 1 -H 2 decreased appropriately. At a critical A 1 -A 2 , a sudden marked increase in H 1 -H 2 occurred, suggesting failure of fast pathway, (defining the fast pathway effective refractory period ERP). Further shortening of A 1 -A 2 defined a second H 1 -H 2 curve. The longest A 1 -A 2 with no H 2 response was defined as the slow pathway ERP. Echo zones coincided with A 1 -A 2 intervals equal to or less than the fast pathway ERP. These results provide the first electrophysiological demonstration of dual A-V nodal pathways in patients with normal P-R interval and PSVT, as manifest by dual A-V nodal conduction times and refractory periods. Antegrade failure of the fast pathway with subsequent availability for retrograde conduction could allow A-V nodal reentry. These findings provide a basis for reentrance in some patients with reentrant PSVT.