Predictive implications of stress testing. Follow-up of 2700 subjects after maximum treadmill stress testing.
Open accessAbstract
Follow-up data on 2700 subjects who had had maximum stress tests were assembled in life tables. A positive test, characterized by ST-segment depression of 1.5 mm, 0.08 sec from the J point, predicted an incidence of some new coronary event of 9.5% a year, as compared with 1.7% in those with a negative test. The incidence of infarction and death was also significantly higher than in the negative responders. Early onset of ischemia occurring at moderate exercise (4 metabolic equivalents-METS) resulted in an incidence of all coronary events of 15% a year, while ischemia first manifested at the seventh minute of exercise (approximately 8 METS) results in an incidence of only 4% per year. The magnitude of ST depression and the age of onset of ischemia failed to influence the incidence of coronary events. A myocardial infarction previous to the test increased the incidence of events in both positive and negative responders. The positives with a previous infarction had more than double the incidence of coronary events than the positive responders with no pre-existing infarction. Those with chronotropic incompetence had a high incidence of coronary events even though the ECG response to exercise was normal.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In healthy individuals, HR responses to activity are defined by an increase in HR that is concurrent to the increasing intensity of the activity.
“In healthy individuals, HR responses to activity are defined by an increase in HR that is concurrent to the increasing intensity of the activity [134].”
From Human-centred artificial intelligence for mobile health sensing: challenges and opportunities (2023) · cites this paper as [134]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Maximum utilization of the life table method in analyzing survival
Cutler, S. J., & Ederer, F. (1958) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(58)90126-7 · Cited by 2,870 · see citing works
Maximal Treadmill Stress Testing for Cardiovascular Evaluation
Ellestad, M., Allen, W. E., Wan, M. K. C., et al. (1969) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.39.4.517 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationSlow Heart Rates and Increased Risk of Cardiac Death in Middle-Aged Men
Hinkle, L. E. (1972) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1972.00320050056006 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Comparative Effects of Aging and Coronary Heart Disease on Submaximal and Maximal Exercise
Kasser, I. S., & Bruce, R. A. (1969) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.39.6.759 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Postexercise Electrocardiogram in Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease
Robb, G. P. (1967) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1967.03120240046007 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heart-rate Recovery Immediately After Exercise as a Predictor of Mortality
Cole, C. R., Blackstone, E. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E., & Lauer, M. S. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199910283411804 · Cited by 1,935 · see citing works
Changes in physical fitness and changes in mortality
Erikssen, G., Liestøl, K., Bjørnholt, J., Thaulow, E., Sandvik, L., & Erikssen, J. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)02268-5 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
The Evaluation and Management of Bradycardia
Mangrum, J. M., & DiMarco, J. P. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200003093421006 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
The prognostic value of exercise capacity: A review of the literature
Morris, C. K., Ueshima, K., Kawaguchi, T., Hideg, A., & Froelicher, V. F. (1991) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(91)90586-7 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Prognostic value of treadmill exercise testing in elderly persons.
Goraya, T. Y., Jacobsen, S. J., Pellikka, P. A., Miller, T. D., Khan, A., Weston, S. A., Gersh, B. J., & Roger, V. L. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060-00003 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Chronotropic incompetence and autonomic dysfunction in patients without structural heart disease
Kawasaki, T., Kaimoto, S., Sakatani, T., Miki, S., Kamitani, T., Kuribayashi, T., Matsubara, H., & Sugihara, H. (2010) · Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eup433 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-supervised transfer learning of physiological representations from free-living wearable data
Spathis, D., Perez-Pozuelo, I., Brage, S., Wareham, N. J., & Mascolo, C. (2021) · Proceedings of the Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning · doi:10.1145/3450439.3451863 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Human-centred artificial intelligence for mobile health sensing: challenges and opportunities
Dang, T., Spathis, D., Ghosh, A., & Mascolo, C. (2023) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.230806 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ellestad, M. H., & Wan, M. K.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1975-02
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 363-369
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2136850520
- Cited by
- 459
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 16.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- exercise stress testing, treadmill exercise testing, ST-segment depression, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, mortality, life tables, exercise-induced ischemia, chronotropic incompetence, old myocardial infarction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Angina Pectoris, California, Computers, Coronary Disease, Electrocardiography, Epidemiologic Methods, Exercise Test, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Sex Factors, Time Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
