CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 201Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyCardiovascular Effects of ExerciseThermoregulation and physiological responses

Redistribution of regional and organ blood volume and effect on cardiac function in relation to upright exercise intensity in healthy human subjects

Flamm, S D, Taki, J, Moore, R, Lewis, S F, Keech, F, Maltais, F, Ahmad, M, Callahan, R +2 more·1990·Circulation
DOI 10.1161/01.cir.81.5.1550
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

To determine the effect of relative exercise intensity on organ blood volume and its relation to cardiac function, changes in relative blood volume and cardiac function were monitored with radionuclide techniques in 14 healthy volunteers. After labeling the subject's red cells with technetium 99m, we acquired data at rest, zero-load cycling, and at 50%, 75%, and 100% of maximal oxygen uptake. From rest to zero-load cycling, leg blood volume decreased 32 +/- 2% (mean +/- SEM), whereas relative end-diastolic blood volume increased 9.6 +/- 1.2%, and lung blood volume increased 18 +/- 2%, suggesting that the lungs may act as a blood volume buffer during periods of acutely increased venous return. With relative increasing exercise, leg blood volume stabilized, and then the blood volume in the abdominal organs decreased, further augmenting cardiopulmonary blood volume; leg blood volume and abdominal blood volume decreased by 23 +/- 2% and 19 +/- 2% from baseline, respectively, whereas thoracic blood volume increased 38 +/- 4%. In the abdomen, large decreases in blood volume were observed in the spleen (46 +/- 2%), kidney (24 +/- 4%), and liver (18 +/- 4%). In contrast, lung blood volume increased 50 +/- 4%, with the upper lung fields increasing more than the lower. Blood sampling revealed an increase in the hematocrit level by 4.3 +/- 0.4 units at peak exercise that paralleled the decrease in splenic blood volume (r2 = -0.64, p less than 0.001), suggesting a role for the spleen in augmenting cardiovascular performance by the release of concentrated red blood cells into general circulation. We conclude that upright exercise results in marked blood volume shifts from the legs and abdominal organs to the heart and lungs in a dynamic process correlating closely with oxygen consumption.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/01.cir.81.5.1550

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Rabbit in vivo heart rate range is 155-360 bpm, higher than humans but closer to humans than mouse and rat heart rates.

    “Rabbits have an in vivo heart rate range of 155–360 bpm (Gaustad, Rolim, & Wisloff, 2010; Jover, McGrath, & Ludbrook, 1987) which is still higher than humans (Flamm, et al., 1990; Stratton, et al., 1994) but significantly closer than mouse and rats”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Flamm, et al., 1990

  • This canine heart rate increase is approximately 96-136%, close to but lower than the 140-170% increase in humans.

    “This reflects an increase of approximately 96–136% which is close-lower than the 140–170% increase in heart rate observed in humans (Flamm, et al., 1990; Stratton, et al., 1994).”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Flamm, et al., 1990

  • Rabbit heart rate reserve, and consequently cardiac output reserve, is greater than that of mice (~30-40%) and rats (~40-50%) but less than that of humans (~140-170%).

    “although this heart rate reserve (and consequently cardiac output reserve) is more than reserves of mice (~30–40%) and rats (~40–50%), it is still less than the reserve (~140–170%) available in humans (Flamm, et al., 1990; Stratton, et al., 1994).”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Flamm, et al., 1990

  • Changes in other hemodynamic parameters during exercise are comparable between canines and humans, including cardiac output, O2 consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.

    “changes in other hemodynamic parameters are comparable between canines and humans as well. Some of these parameters include cardiac output (canine: ~2.3, human: ~1.8 fold increase), O2 consumption (canine: ~7 fold increase, human: ~5.7 fold increase), systolic blood pressure (canine: ~0.4, human: ~0.6 fold increase), diastolic blood pressure (canine: 0.16, human: 0.07 fold decrease), and mean”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Flamm, et al., 1990

  • This heart rate gain of 128-219% is very similar to the 140-170% available in humans.

    “This gain of 128–219% in heart rate is very similar to the 140–170% available in humans (Flamm, et al., 1990; Stratton, et al., 1994).”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Flamm, et al., 1990

Cites

Still being checked.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Flamm, S. D., Taki, J., Moore, R., Lewis, S. F., Keech, F., Maltais, F., Ahmad, M., Callahan, R., Dragotakes, S., & Alpert, N.
Affiliations
Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
ORCID
Venue
Circulation
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1990-05
Volume
81
Issue
5
Pages
1550-1559
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
DOI
10.1161/01.cir.81.5.1550
OpenAlex
W2159599910
Cited by
201
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI
13.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Circulation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Keywords
regional blood volume, blood volume redistribution, exercise intensity, upright exercise, cardiac function, lung blood volume, hematocrit, venous return, oxygen consumption
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Volume, Female, Heart, Humans, Intestines, Kidney, Leg, Leukocyte Count, Liver, Lung, Male, Posture, Radionuclide Imaging, Regional Blood Flow, Spleen, Technetium, Exercise

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review