The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Infection With Chlamydia pneumoniae Accelerates the Development of Atherosclerosis and Treatment With Azithromycin Prevents It in a Rabbit Model
Open accessAbstract
Background — Chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been associated with atherosclerosis by serological studies and detection of bacterial antigen within plaque. We sought to evaluate a possible causal role in an animal model. Methods and Results —Thirty New Zealand White rabbits were given three separate intranasal inoculations of either C pneumoniae (n=20) or saline (n=10) at 3-week intervals and fed chow enriched with a small amount (0.25%) of cholesterol. Immediately after the final inoculation, infected and control rabbits were randomized and begun on a 7-week course of azithromycin or no therapy. Three months after the final inoculation, rabbits were euthanatized and sections of thoracic aortas were blindly evaluated microscopically for maximal intimal thickness (MIT), percentage of luminal circumference involved (PLCI), and plaque area index (PAI) of atherosclerosis. Vascular chlamydial antigen was assessed by direct immunofluorescence. MIT differed among treatment groups ( P =.009), showing an increase in infected rabbits (0.55 mm; SE=0.15 mm) compared with uninfected controls (0.16 mm; SE=0.06 mm) and with infected rabbits receiving antibiotics (0.20 mm; SE=0.03 mm) (both P <.025), whereas MIT in infected/treated versus control rabbits did not differ. PLCI also tended to differ ( P <.1) and PAI differed significantly ( P <.01) among groups with a similar pattern. Chlamydial antigen was detected in 2 untreated, 3 treated, and 0 control animals. Conclusions —Intranasal C pneumoniae infection accelerates intimal thickening in rabbits given a modestly cholesterol-enhanced diet. In addition, weekly treatment with azithromycin after infectious exposure prevents accelerated intimal thickening. These findings strengthen the etiologic link between C pneumoniae and atherosclerosis and should stimulate additional animal and human studies, including clinical antibiotic trials.
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Saikku, P., Leinonen, M., Tenkanen, L., Linnanmäki, E., Ekman, M.-R., Manninen, V., Mänttäri, M., Frick, M. H., & Huttunen, J. K. (1992) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-116-4-273 · Cited by 786
A New Respiratory Tract Pathogen: Chlamydia pneumoniae Strain TWAR
Grayston, J. T., Campbell, L. A., Kuo, C.-C., Mordhorst, C. H., Saikku, P., Thorn, D. H., & Wang, S.-P. (1990) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/161.4.618 · Cited by 776
Demonstration of Chlamydia pneumoniae in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Coronary Arteries
Kuo, C.-C., Shor, A., Campbell, L. A., Fukushi, H., Patton, D. L., & Grayston, J. T. (1993) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/167.4.841 · Cited by 762
Ramirez, J. A., & Chlamydia pneumoniae/Atherosclerosis Study Group* (1996) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-12-199612150-00008 · Cited by 478
Muhlestein, J. B., Hammond, E. H., Carlquist, J. F., Radicke, E., Thomson, M. J., Karagounis, L. A., Woods, M. L., & Anderson, J. L. (1996) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(96)00055-1 · Cited by 420
Self-citationThom, D. H. (1992) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.268.1.68 · Cited by 397
Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in aortic lesions of atherosclerosis by immunocytochemical stain.
Kuo, C. C., Gown, A. M., Benditt, E. P., & Grayston, J. T. (1993) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.13.10.1501 · Cited by 349
Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) in Atherosclerosis of the Carotid Artery
Grayston, J. T., Kuo, C.-C., Coulson, A. S., Campbell, L. A., Lawrence, R. D., Lee, M. J., Strandness, E. D., & Wang, S.-P. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.12.3397 · Cited by 333
Thom, D. H. (1992) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1992.03490010070032 · Cited by 316
Linnanmäki, E., Leinonen, M., Mattila, K., Nieminen, M. S., Valtonen, V, & Saikku, P. (1993) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.87.4.1130 · Cited by 283
Cited by
The immunology of atherosclerosis
Gisterå, A., & Hansson, G. K. (2017) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.51 · Cited by 982
Li, J., Lin, S., Vanhoutte, P. M., Woo, C. W., & Xu, A. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.115.019645 · Cited by 775
Xu, X. H., Shah, P. K., Faure, E., Equils, O., Thomas, L., Fishbein, M. C., Luthringer, D., Xu, X.-P., Rajavashisth, T. B., Yano, J., et al. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc5001.100631 · Cited by 666
Ann Campbell, L., & Rosenfeld, M. (2011) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th11-06-0392 · Cited by 363
Chlamydia pneumoniae — an infectious risk factor for atherosclerosis?
Campbell, L. A., & Kuo, C.-C. (2004) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro796 · Cited by 277
Metadata
- Authors
- Muhlestein, J. B., Anderson, J. L., Hammond, E. H., Zhao, L., Trehan, S., Schwobe, E. P., & Carlquist, J. F.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1998-02-24
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 633-636
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2049138031
- Cited by
- 517
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 24.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Muhlestein, J. B., Anderson, J. L., Hammond, E. H., Zhao, L., Trehan, S., Schwobe, E. P., & Carlquist, J. F. (1998). Infection With Chlamydia pneumoniae Accelerates the Development of Atherosclerosis and Treatment With Azithromycin Prevents It in a Rabbit Model. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.97.7.633
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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