The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stroke-Induced Immunodepression: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Relevance
Abstract
Stroke affects the normally well-balanced interplay of the 2 supersystems: the nervous and the immune system. Recent research elucidated some of the involved signals and mechanisms and, importantly, was able to demonstrate that brain-immune interactions are highly relevant for functional outcome after stroke. Immunodepression after stroke increases the susceptibility to infection, the most relevant complication in stroke patients. However, immunodepression after stroke may also have beneficial effects, for example, by suppressing autoaggressive responses during lesion-induced exposure of central nervous system-specific antigens to the immune system. Thus, before immunomodulatory therapy can be applied to stroke patients, we need to understand better the interaction of brain and immune system after focal cerebral ischemia. Until then, anticipating an important consequence of stroke-induced immunodepression, bacterial infection, preventive antibiotic strategies have been proposed. In mouse experiments, preventive antibiotic treatment dramatically improves mortality and outcome. Results of clinical studies on this issue are contradictory at present, and larger trials are needed to settle the question whether (and which) stroke patients should be preventively treated. Nevertheless, clinical evidence is emerging demonstrating that stroke-induced immunodepression in humans not only exists, but has very similar features to those characterized in rodent experiments.
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Citations
Cites
Regeneration beyond the glial scar
Silver, J., & Miller, J. H. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1326 · Cited by 3,078
Central nervous system injury-induced immune deficiency syndrome
Meisel, C., Schwab, J. M., Prass, K., Meisel, A., & Dirnagl, U. (2005) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1765 · Cited by 968
Self-citationPrass, K., Meisel, C., Höflich, C., Braun, J., Halle, E., Wolf, T., Ruscher, K., Victorov, I. V., Priller, J., Dirnagl, U., et al. (2003) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20021098 · Cited by 925
Self-citationRole of T Lymphocytes and Interferon-γ in Ischemic Stroke
Yilmaz, G., Arumugam, T. V., Stokes, K. Y., & Granger, D. N. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.593046 · Cited by 722
Role of matrix metalloproteinases in delayed cortical responses after stroke
Zhao, B.-Q., Wang, S., Kim, H.-Y., Storrie, H., Rosen, B. R., Mooney, D. J., Wang, X., & Lo, E. H. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1387 · Cited by 702
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Screening for Dysphagia and Aspiration in Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review
Perry, L., & Love, C. P. (2001) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/pl00021290 · Cited by 389
Wound healing and inflammation: embryos reveal the way to perfect repair
Redd, M. J., Cooper, L., Wood, W., Stramer, B., & Martin, P. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1466 · Cited by 289
The Harms and Benefits of Inflammatory and Immune Responses in Vascular Disease
Chamorro, A., & Hallenbeck, J. (2006) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000200561.69611.f8 · Cited by 284
Immunogenicity of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Lessons from the Fetal Allograft
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Cited by
Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Cerebral Immune Cell Accumulation in Stroke
Gelderblom, M., Leypoldt, F., Steinbach, K., Behrens, D., Choe, C.-U., Siler, D. A., Arumugam, T. V., Orthey, E., Gerloff, C., Tolosa, E., et al. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.534503 · Cited by 1,066
Doeppner, T. R., Herz, J., Görgens, A., Schlechter, J., Ludwig, A.-K., Radtke, S., de Miroschedji, K., Horn, P. A., Giebel, B., & Hermann, D. M. (2015) · Stem Cells Translational Medicine · doi:10.5966/sctm.2015-0078 · Cited by 772
Dirnagl, U., Becker, K., & Meisel, A. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70054-7 · Cited by 587
Self-citationStroke and the immune system: from pathophysiology to new therapeutic strategies
Macrez, R., Ali, C., Toutirais, O., Le Mauff, B., Defer, G., Dirnagl, U., & Vivien, D. (2011) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(11)70066-7 · Cited by 560
Self-citationAnti-inflammatory mechanism of intravascular neural stem cell transplantation in haemorrhagic stroke
Lee, S.-T., Chu, K., Jung, K.-H., Kim, S.-J., Kim, D.-H., Kang, K.-M., Hong, N. H., Kim, J.-H., Ban, J.-J., Park, H.-K., et al. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm306 · Cited by 424
Metadata
- Authors
- Dirnagl, U., Klehmet, J., Braun, J. S., Harms, H., Meisel, C., Ziemssen, T., Prass, K., & Meisel, A.
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2007-02
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 770-773
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- OpenAlex
- W2054022839
- Cited by
- 473
- References
- 19
- FWCI
- 11.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Dirnagl, U., Klehmet, J., Braun, J. S., Harms, H., Meisel, C., Ziemssen, T., Prass, K., & Meisel, A. (2007). Stroke-Induced Immunodepression: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Relevance. Stroke. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000251441.89665.bc
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