The ABCG8 G574R Variant, Serum Plant Sterol Levels, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Old Order Amish
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether long-term exposure to moderate elevations in plasma plant sterol levels increases risk for atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: In Old Order Amish participants aged 18 to 85 years, with (n=110) and without (n=181) 1 copy of the ABCG8 G574R variant, we compared mean plasma levels of plant sterols and cholesterol precursors and carotid intima-media wall thickness. Carriers of a single 574R allele had increased plant sterol levels (eg, 35%-37% higher plasma levels of sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol) and increased plant sterol/cholesterol ratios (P<0.001 for all). 574R carriers had significantly decreased levels of lathosterol and lanosterol, precursors in a pathway for endogenous cholesterol synthesis, suggesting that plant sterols may alter regulation of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis. The G574R variant was not associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Compared with noncarriers, 574R carriers had decreased carotid intima-media wall thickness (0.62 versus 0.66 mm; age- and sex-adjusted P=0.03). Adjustment for body weight, blood pressure, and standard lipid measures (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides) did not alter this association. CONCLUSIONS: Although the G574R variant is associated with moderately elevated plant sterol levels, carriers of the 574R allele had modestly lower levels of carotid wall thickness compared with noncarriers.
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Phytosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive sterol storage disease caused by mutations in ABCG5 or ABCG8, leading to impaired elimination of plant sterols and stanols.
“This rare autosomal recessive sterol storage disease is caused by mutations in either the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter genes ABCG5 or ABCG8, leading to impaired elimination of plant sterols and stanols.”
From The Role of Nutraceuticals in Statin Intolerant Patients (2018) · cites this paper as [132]
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- Authors
- Horenstein, R. B., Mitchell, B. D., Post, W. S., Lütjohann, D., von Bergmann, K., Ryan, K. A., Terrin, M., Shuldiner, A. R., & Steinle, N. I.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.B.H., B.D.M., K.A.R., A.R.S., N.I.S.); Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (W.S.P.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (W.S.P.); Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (D.L., K.v.B.); Department of Epidemiology...
- ORCID
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 413-419
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- PMC
- PMC3817740
- OpenAlex
- W2099865679
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL72515, U01HL072515, R01HL088119)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK072488)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR016500, M01RR 16500)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Keywords
- phytosterols, sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, carotid intima-media thickness, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk, lathosterol, lanosterol, Old Order Amish, genetic polymorphism
- MeSH terms
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carotid Artery Diseases, Female, Gene Frequency, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Intestinal Diseases, Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors, Male, Middle Aged, Pennsylvania, Phenotype, Phytosterols, Risk Factors, Genetic Variation, Biomarkers, Up-Regulation, Case-Control Studies, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Risk Assessment, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Young Adult, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Amish
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