Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 204

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk Factors for Heart Failure: 20-Year Population-Based Trends by Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity

Open access
Lawson, Claire A., Zaccardi, Francesco, Squire, Iain, Okhai, Hajra, Davies, Melanie, Huang, Weiting, Mamas, Mamas, Lam, Carolyn S.P., Khunti, Kamlesh, Kadam, Umesh T.·2020·Circulation: Heart Failure
DOI 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006472
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background: There are multiple risk factors for heart failure, but contemporary temporal trends according to sex, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity are unknown. Methods: Using a national UK general practice database linked to hospitalizations (1998–2017), 108 638 incident heart failure patients were identified. Differences in risk factors among patient groups adjusted for sociodemographic factors and age-adjusted temporal trends were investigated using logistic and linear regression. Results: Over time, a 5.3 year (95% CI, 5.2–5.5) age difference between men and women remained. Women had higher blood pressure, body mass index, and cholesterol than men ( P <0.0001). Ischemic heart disease prevalence increased for all to 2006 before reducing in women by 0.5% per annum, reaching 42.7% (95% CI, 41.7–43.6), but not in men, remaining at 57.7% (95% CI, 56.9–58.6; interaction P =0.002). Diabetes mellitus prevalence increased more in men than in women (interaction P <0.0001). Age between the most deprived (74.6 years [95% CI, 74.1–75.1]) and most affluent (79.9 [95% CI, 79.6–80.2]) diverged (interaction P <0.0001), generating a 5-year gap. The most deprived had significantly higher annual increases in comorbidity numbers (+0.14 versus +0.11), body mass index (+0.14 versus +0.11 kg/m 2 ), and lower smoking reductions (−1.2% versus −1.7%) than the most affluent. Ethnicity trend differences were insignificant, but South Asians were overall 6 years and the black group 9 years younger than whites. South Asians had more ischemic heart disease (+16.5% [95% CI, 14.3–18.6]), hypertension (+12.5% [95% CI, 10.5–14.3]), and diabetes mellitus (+24.3% [95% CI, 22.0–26.6]), and the black group had more hypertension (+12.3% [95% CI, 9.7–14.8]) and diabetes mellitus (+13.1% [95% CI, 10.1–16.0]) but lower ischemic heart disease (−10.6% [95% CI, −13.6 to −7.6]) than the white group. Conclusions: Population groups show distinct risk factor trend differences, indicating the need for contemporary tailored prevention programs.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006472

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 32 references

Cited by

See all 204

Metadata

Authors
Lawson, C. A., Zaccardi, F., Squire, I., Okhai, H., Davies, M., Huang, W., Mamas, M., Lam, C. S. P., Khunti, K., & Kadam, U. T.
Venue
Circulation: Heart Failure
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2020-02
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
e006472-e006472
ISSN
  • 1941-3289 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-3297
DOI
10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006472
OpenAlex
W3008473973
Cited by
204
References
32
FWCI
8.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk Factors for Heart Failure: 20-Year Population-Based Trends by Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006472
The paper
Lawson, C. A., Zaccardi, F., Squire, I., Okhai, H., Davies, M., Huang, W., Mamas, M., Lam, C. S. P., Khunti, K., & Kadam, U. T. (2020). Risk Factors for Heart Failure: 20-Year Population-Based Trends by Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity. Circulation: Heart Failure. https://doi.org/10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006472

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.