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Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: Focus on Modifiable Risk Factors

Karkouti, Keyvan, Wijeysundera, Duminda N., Yau, Terrence M., Callum, Jeannie L., Cheng, Davy C., Crowther, Mark, Dupuis, Jean-Yves, Fremes, Stephen E., Kent, Blaine, Laflamme, Claude, Lamy, Andre, Legare, Jean-Francois, Mazer, C. David, McCluskey, Stuart A., Rubens, Fraser D., Sawchuk, Corey, Beattie, W. Scott·2009·Circulation

Abstract

Background— Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a major health issue. Lacking effective therapies, risk factor modification may offer a means of preventing this complication. The objective of the present study was to identify and determine the prognostic importance of such risk factors. Methods and Results— Data from a multicenter cohort of 3500 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery at 7 hospitals during 2004 were analyzed (using multivariable logistic regression modeling) to determine the independent relationships between 3 thresholds of AKI (>25%, >50%, and >75% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate within 1 week of surgery or need for postoperative dialysis) with death rates, as well as to identify modifiable risk factors for AKI. The 3 thresholds of AKI occurred in 24% (n=829), 7% (n=228), and 3% (n=119) of the cohort, respectively. All 3 thresholds were independently associated with a >4-fold increase in the odds of death and could be predicted with several perioperative variables, including preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump use, urgent surgery, and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass. In particular, 3 potentially modifiable variables were also independently and strongly associated with AKI. These were preoperative anemia, perioperative red blood cell transfusions, and surgical reexploration. Conclusions— AKI after cardiac surgery is highly prevalent and prognostically important. Therapies aimed at mitigating preoperative anemia, perioperative red blood cell transfusions, and surgical reexploration may offer protection against this complication.

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Metadata

Authors
Karkouti, K., Wijeysundera, D. N., Yau, T. M., Callum, J. L., Cheng, D. C., Crowther, M., Dupuis, J.-Y., Fremes, S. E., Kent, B., Laflamme, C., Lamy, A., Legare, J.-F., Mazer, C. D., McCluskey, S. A., Rubens, F. D., Sawchuk, C., & Beattie, W. S.
Venue
Circulation
Published
2009-02-03
Volume
119
Issue
4
Pages
495-502
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
OpenAlex
W2077447212
Cited by
732
References
42
FWCI
26.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: Focus on Modifiable Risk Factors. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1161/circulationaha.108.786913
The paper
Karkouti, K., Wijeysundera, D. N., Yau, T. M., Callum, J. L., Cheng, D. C., Crowther, M., Dupuis, J.-Y., Fremes, S. E., Kent, B., Laflamme, C., Lamy, A., Legare, J.-F., Mazer, C. D., McCluskey, S. A., Rubens, F. D., Sawchuk, C., & Beattie, W. S. (2009). Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: Focus on Modifiable Risk Factors. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.108.786913

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.