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Risk of Bleeding With 2 Doses of Dabigatran Compared With Warfarin in Older and Younger Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: An Analysis of the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) Trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Dabigatran 150 and 110 mg twice a day and warfarin are effective for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. The purpose of this study was to compare their risks of bleeding in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: The RE-LY trial randomized 18 113 patients to receive dabigatran 110 or 150 mg twice a day or warfarin dose adjusted to an international normalized ratio of 2.0 to 3.0 for a median follow-up of 2.0 years. Compared with warfarin, dabigatran 110 mg twice a day was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding (2.87% versus 3.57%; P=0.002), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day was associated with a similar risk of major bleeding (3.31% versus 3.57%; P=0.32). There was a significant treatment-by-age interaction, such that dabigatran 110 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in patients aged <75 years (1.89% versus 3.04%; P<0.001) and a similar risk in those aged ≥75 years (4.43% versus 4.37%; P=0.89; P for interaction <0.001), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in those aged <75 years (2.12% versus 3.04%; P<0.001) and a trend toward higher risk of major bleeding in those aged ≥75 years (5.10% versus 4.37%; P=0.07; P for interaction <0.001). The interaction with age was evident for extracranial bleeding, but not for intracranial bleeding, with the risk of the latter being consistently reduced with dabigatran compared with warfarin irrespective of age. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for stroke, both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin have lower risks of both intracranial and extracranial bleeding in patients aged <75 years. In those aged ≥75 years, intracranial bleeding risk is lower but extracranial bleeding risk is similar or higher with both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00262600.
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“The risk of gastrointestinal bleeds was comparable to warfarin on dabigatran 110 mg twice daily 490 and on apixaban 5 mg twice daily 319”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [490]
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“Compared with warfarin, the risk of gastrointestinal bleeds was increased for dabigatran 150 mg twice daily, 396, 490 rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily, 491 and edoxaban 60 mg once daily.321”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [490]
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BackgroundResultInfluentialOral anticoagulant therapy for older patients with atrial fibrillation: a review of current evidence
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BackgroundResultInfluentialAntithrombotic Treatment of Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
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Suboptimal use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants
Başaran, Ö., Doğan, V., Beton, O., Tekinalp, M., Aykan, A. Ç., Kalaycıoğlu, E., Bolat, İ., Taşar, O., Şafak, Ö., Kalçık, M., et al. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000004672 · Cited by 34
Dillinger, J., Aleil, B., Cheggour, S., Benhamou, Y., Béjot, Y., Maréchaux, S., Delluc, A., Bertoletti, L., & Lellouche, N. (2017) · Archives of cardiovascular diseases · doi:10.1016/j.acvd.2017.04.008 · Cited by 34
Pengo, V., Crippa, L., Falanga, A., Finazzi, G., Marongiu, F., Moia, M., Palareti, G., Poli, D., Testa, S., Tiraferri, E., et al. (2012) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04866.x · Cited by 33
Manzano‐Fernández, S., Cayuelas, J. M. A., Marín, F. R., Orenes‐Piñero, E., Gallego, P., Valdés, M., Vicente, V., Lip, G. Y. H., & Roldán, V. (2014) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2014.06.027 · Cited by 33
“80 (88,9) 76 (22,4) 14 (18,4) 62 (81,6) 11 (84,6) 14 (4,1) 9 (64,3) 5 (35,7)”
Yang, E. (2014) · Vascular Health and Risk Management · doi:10.2147/vhrm.s68117 · Cited by 33
“Gastrointestinal bleeding appears to be the most common serious side effect of dabigatran therapy.(11,26) Careful screening of patients for a history of gastrointestinal bleeding and current use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, is essential.”
InfluentialManzano‐Fernández, S., Cayuelas, J. M. A., Marín, F. R., Orenes‐Piñero, E., Gallego, P., Valdés, M., Vicente, V., Lip, G. Y. H., & Roldán, V. (2014) · Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.rec.2014.06.026 · Cited by 33
Zarraga, I. G. E., & Kron, J. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12042 · Cited by 32
“The risk of intracranial bleeding was lower with both doses of dabigatran than with warfarin irrespective of age.(32) The rate of myocardial infarction was numerically higher with both doses of dabigatran than with warfarin, but the difference was not statistically significant.”
BackgroundUsing Dabigatran in Patients With Stroke
Alberts, M. J., Bernstein, R. A., Naccarelli, G. V., & Garcia, D. A. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.622498 · Cited by 34
Eligibility and Preference of New Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Yoon, C. H., Park, Y. K., Kim, S. J., Lee, M. J., Ryoo, S., Kim, G., Chung, C., Lee, K. H., Kim, J. S., & Bang, O. Y. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.005599 · Cited by 33
“The RE-LY trial investigators reported a significant interaction between age and NOACrelated bleeding complication, and low dose of dabigatran is currently recommended for patients aged ≥75 years.(15) Our results showed that AF-risk schemes, bleeding-risk scheme, and a poor quality of anticoagulation are associated wi…”
Hsu, J. C., & Freeman, J. V. (2018) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.1024 · Cited by 32
“A subanalysis of the phase III dabigatran trial demonstrated that intracranial bleeding was reduced in AF patients aged 75 years receiving 150 mg dabigatran twice daily compared with warfarin, although overall bleeding risk was similar to or higher with dabigatran compared with warfarin.(44) There were no significant…”
ResultStroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Chiang, C., Chao, T., Choi, E., Lim, T. W., Krittayaphong, R., Li, M., Chen, M., Guo, Y., Okumura, K., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2022) · JACC Asia · doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2022.05.005 · Cited by 35
Abrignani, M. G., Lombardo, A., Braschi, A., Renda, N., & Abrignani, V. (2023) · World Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.4330/wjc.v15.i8.375 · Cited by 32
Minno, A. D., Spadarella, G., Spadarella, E., Tremoli, E., & Minno, G. D. (2015) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.10.016 · Cited by 32
Biteker, M., Başaran, Ö., Doğan, V., Altun, İ., Karadeniz, F. Ö., Tekkeşin, A. İ., Çakıllı, Y., Türkkan, C., Hamidi, M., Demir, V., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14855 · Cited by 32
Lee, Z. X., Ang, E., Lim, X. T., & Arain, S. J. (2020) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fjc.0000000000000925 · Cited by 32
Simon, J., Hawes, E. M., Deyo, Z. M., & Shilliday, B. B. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/jcpt.12296 · Cited by 31
“An analysis of the RE-LY trial comparing the use of dabigatran and warfarin in patients with NVAF found a higher risk of major extracranial bleeding in patients aged 75 years or older with dabigatran in comparison with warfarin.(13) As a result, caution has been recommended when using dabigatran in this population, al…”
MethodKhan, F. M. A., Huang, H., & Datta, Y. H. (2016) · Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis · doi:10.1007/s11239-016-1410-z · Cited by 31
Dabigatran: Uncharted Waters and Potential Harms
Radecki, R. P. (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-1-201207030-00467 · Cited by 30
Nagao, T., Inden, Y., Shimano, M., Fujita, M., Yanagisawa, S., Kato, H., Ishikawa, S., Miyoshi, A., Okumura, S., Ohguchi, S., et al. (2015) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3520 · Cited by 30
Chin, P. K. L., Wright, D. F. B., Patterson, D. M., Doogue, M. P., & Begg, E. J. (2014) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.12364 · Cited by 30
Dementia correlates with anticoagulation underuse in older patients with atrial fibrillation
Viscogliosi, G., Ettorre, E., & Chiriac, I. M. (2017) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2017.05.014 · Cited by 30
The Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use of Dabigatran Etexilate
Spinler, S. A. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270011432169 · Cited by 30
Kwong, J. S., Lam, Y., Yan, B. P., & Yu, C. (2012) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-012-6426-9 · Cited by 30
Buckley, L. F., Rybak, E., Aldemerdash, A. M., Cheng, J. W. M., & Fanikos, J. R. (2016) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.22591 · Cited by 30
“Eikelboom et al conducted a post-hoc analysis of safety outcomes from the RE-LY trial with a focus on the differences between patients age ≥75 years and <75 years.(36) Among patients age ≥75 years, dabigatran 150 mg reduced the risk of SSE, whereas dabigatran 110 mg was not different than warfarin—similar to overall t…”
ResultIngason, A. B., Hreinsson, J. P., Agustsson, A. S., Lund, S. H., Rumba, E., Pálsson, D. A., Reynisson, I. E., Guðmundsdóttir, B. R., Onundarson, P. T., & Bjornsson, E. S. (2022) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2022.06.033 · Cited by 29
Lip, G. Y. H. (2013) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/jth.12140 · Cited by 29
Secondary stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: a challenge in the clinical practice
Tanislav, C., Milde, S., Schwartzkopff, S., Sieweke, N., Krämer, H. H., Juenemann, M. B., Misselwitz, B., & Kaps, M. (2014) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-014-0195-y · Cited by 29
Consistency of safety profile of new oral anticoagulants in patients with renal failure
Lega, J., Bertoletti, L., Gremillet, C., Boissier, C., Mismetti, P., & Laporte, S. (2013) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/jth.12486 · Cited by 29
Regulations of Xenobiotics and Endobiotics on Carboxylesterases: A Comprehensive Review
Xu, Y., Zhang, C., He, W., & Liu, D. (2016) · European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s13318-016-0326-5 · Cited by 29
Czerwińska, K., Zembala, M., Dąbrowski, M., Witkowski, A., Ochala, A. J., Kochman, J., Dudek, D., Kübler, P., Jagielak, D., & Stępińska, J. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.095 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Eikelboom, J. W., Wallentin, L., Connolly, S. J., Ezekowitz, M., Healey, J. S., Oldgren, J., Yang, S., Alings, M., Kaatz, S., Hohnloser, S. H., Diener, H.-C., Franzosi, M. G., Huber, K., Reilly, P., Varrone, J., & Yusuf, S.
- Affiliations
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2011-05-31
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 2363-2372
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2064357176
- Cited by
- 1,081
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 121 · 2014: 99 · 2013: 167 · 2012: 156
- FWCI
- 100.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Internal Medicine › Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- dabigatran, warfarin, atrial fibrillation, major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, extracranial hemorrhage, stroke prevention, anticoagulation, elderly patients, age interaction, RE-LY trial, direct thrombin inhibitors, dose comparison, international normalized ratio, bleeding risk stratification, bleeding risk prediction model
- MeSH terms
- Dabigatran, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation, Benzimidazoles, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Hemorrhage, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Warfarin, beta-Alanine
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