Adolescent Obesity, Change in Weight Status, and Hypertension: Racial/Ethnic Variations
Open accessAbstract
We sought to determine whether change in weight status between adolescence and young adulthood was associated with the risk of developing hypertension among adolescents and whether sex and racial/ethnic group differences existed in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The sample was restricted to participants who self-identified as black, Hispanic, or white non-Hispanic (n=8543). Height and weight were measured in adolescence (mean 16 years) and again in adulthood (mean 29 years). We categorized the weight of participants into 4 groups: stayed normal weight; gained weight (normal weight in adolescence and obese in adulthood); lost weight (overweight/obese in adolescence nonobese in adulthood); and chronically overweight/obese. Hypertension was defined as measured systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg measured in adulthood or use of antihypertensive medications. A higher risk of hypertension was noted for all sex and racial/ethnic groups who became obese in adulthood. Furthermore, those who were chronically overweight/obese were at higher risk of hypertension for all groups, with odds ratios ranging from 2.7 in Hispanic men to 6.5 in Hispanic women. Except for black men, those who lost weight during follow-up had no significant increased risk compared with those who maintained normal weight. Overall, there was an increased risk of hypertension for those who gained weight in adulthood and among those who remained obese from adolescence to young adulthood. These data give further evidence for prevention strategies that begin earlier in life to reduce or delay the onset of chronic disease in young adults.
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The worldwide epidemic of excess body weight, including overweight and obesity, is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular risks comprising hypertension.
“The worldwide epidemic of excess body weight, including overweight and obesity, is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular risks comprising hypertension – a condition that promote stroke, heart disease and end-stage organ damage which are major causes of death and disability (1;2).”
From Obesity-Associated Hypertension: Recent Progress in Deciphering the Pathogenesis (2014) · cites this paper as [2]
Excess adiposity is the strongest known risk factor for hypertension in male and female subjects of different ages and races.
“The close relationship between excess adipose mass and hypertension is well documented, with population-based studies showing excess adiposity as the strongest known risk factor for hypertension in male and female subjects of different ages and races (1–5).”
From Obesity-Associated Hypertension: Recent Progress in Deciphering the Pathogenesis (2014) · cites this paper as [2]
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Obesity-Associated Hypertension: Recent Progress in Deciphering the Pathogenesis
Rahmouni, K. (2014) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.00920 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
- Authors
- Suglia, S. F., Clark, C. J., & Gary-Webb, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.F.S., T.L.G.-W.); and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (C.J.C.).
- Venue
- Hypertension
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 290-295
- ISSN
- 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4563
- PMC
- PMC3938160
- OpenAlex
- W2146534864
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000114, KL2TR000113)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K01HL084700, K01HL103199)
- National Center for Research Resources (KL2RR033182, 1KL2RR033182-0, UL1RR033183)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01HD031921, R03HD068045)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- adolescent obesity, weight gain, weight loss, sex differences, racial and ethnic differences, Latino youth, Black adolescents, early adulthood, blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, Add Health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hypertension, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Obesity, Risk Factors, Black People, White People
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