Cited by 141Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesObesity, Physical Activity, DietCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

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Intensified Effect of Adiposity on Blood Pressure in Overweight and Obese Children

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Tu, Wanzhu, Eckert, George J., DiMeglio, Linda A., Yu, Zhangsheng, Jung, Jeesun, Pratt, J. Howard·2011·Hypertension

DOI 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.175695PMC PMC3433397

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Abstract

In children, blood pressure (BP) and risk for hypertension are proportional to degree of adiposity. Whether the relationship to BP is similar over the full range of adiposity is less clear. Subjects from a cohort study (n=1111; 50% male and 42% black) contributed 9102 semiannual BP and height/weight assessments. The mean enrollment age was 10.2 years, and mean follow-up was 4.5 years. Adiposity was expressed as body mass index percentile, which accounted for effects of age and sex. The following observations were made. The effect of relative adiposity on BP was minimal until the body mass index percentile reached 85, beginning of the overweight category, at which point the effect of adiposity on BP increased by 4-fold. Similarly intensified adiposity effects on BP were observed in children aged ≤10, 11 to 14 years, and ≥15 years. Serum levels of the adipose tissue-derived hormone, leptin, together with heart rate, showed an almost identically patterned relation to BP to that of body mass index percentile and BP, thus implicating a possible mediating role for leptin. In conclusion, there is a marked intensification of the influence of adiposity on BP when children reach the categories of overweight and obese. Among the possible pathways, leptin may be a potentially important mediator acting through the sympathetic nervous system (reflected in heart rate). The findings have relevance to interventions designed to prevent or treat adiposity-related increases in BP and to the analytic approaches used in epidemiological studies.

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Authors: Tu, W., Eckert, G. J., DiMeglio, L. A., Yu, Z., Jung, J., & Pratt, J. H.
Affiliations: Regenstrief Institute (US)
ORCID: Tu, Wanzhu
Eckert, George J.
DiMeglio, Linda A.
Yu, Zhangsheng
Jung, Jeesun
Venue: Hypertension
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2011-11
Volume: 58
Issue: 5
Pages: 818-824
ISSN: 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
1524-4563
DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.175695
PMC: PMC3433397
OpenAlex: W2099256628
Cited by: 141
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 8.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Hypertension (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01hl095086-04)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01-HL095086, RO1-HL095086)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords: childhood obesity, overweight, blood pressure, adiposity, body mass index percentiles, leptin, heart rate, hypertension risk, sympathetic nervous system, mediation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Anthropometry, Blood Pressure Determination, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Obesity, Radioimmunoassay, United States, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Leptin, Adiposity, Overweight

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Intensified Effect of Adiposity on Blood Pressure in Overweight and Obese Children

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