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Chemerin Regulates Crosstalk Between Adipocytes and Vascular Cells Through Nox
Open accessAbstract
Adipocytes produce adipokines, including chemerin, a chemoattractant that mediates effects through its ChemR23 receptor. Chemerin has been linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury in pathological conditions, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are elusive. Here we assessed whether chemerin through redox-sensitive signaling influences molecular processes associated with vascular growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. Human microvascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells were stimulated with chemerin (50 ng/mL). Chemerin increased generation of reactive oxygen species and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, effects that were inhibited by ML171, GKT137831 (Nox inhibitors), and N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species scavenger). Chemerin increased mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators in vascular cells and increased monocyte-to-endothelial cell attachment. In human vascular smooth muscle cells, chemerin induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and stimulated proliferation (increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression [proliferation marker] and BrdU incorporation [proliferation assay]). Chemerin decreased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B activation and increased TUNEL-positive human vascular smooth muscle cells. In human microvascular endothelial cells, chemerin reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide production. Adipocyte-conditioned medium from obese/diabetic mice (db/db), which have elevated chemerin levels, increased reactive oxygen species generation in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas adipocyte-conditioned medium from control mice had no effect. Chemerin actions were blocked by CCX 832, a ChemR23 inhibitor. Our data demonstrate that chemerin, through Nox activation and redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling, exerts proapoptotic, proinflammatory, and proliferative effects in human vascular cells. These findings elucidate some molecular mechanisms through chemerin, which is increased in obesity, whereby adipocytes may influence vascular function. We identify chemerin as a novel vasoactive adipokine, which may be important in obesity-related vascular injury.
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“Chemerin is a chemotactic molecule for M1-like macrophages114, exerts pro-inflammatory effects and increases the production of reactive oxygen species in vascular cells120.”
From Inflammation and its resolution in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities (2019) · cites this paper as [120]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Neves, K. B., Nguyen Dinh Cat, A., Lopes, R. A. M., Rios, F. J., Anagnostopoulou, A., Lobato, N. S., de Oliveira, A. M., Tostes, R. C., Montezano, A. C., & Touyz, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (K.B.N., A.N.D.C., R.A.M.L., F.J.R., A.A., A.C.M., R.M.T.); Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (K.B.N., A.M.d.O.) and Department of Pharmacology (R.A.M.L., R.C.T.), University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil; and Department of Biological Sciences, Federal...
- Corresponding author
- Touyz, Rhian M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Hypertension
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 657-666
- ISSN
- 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4563
- OpenAlex
- W2152629111
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 9.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (29762, RG/13/7/30099, 30099)
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Keywords
- chemerin, NADPH oxidase, adipocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, microvascular endothelial cells, reactive oxygen species, MAPK signaling, apoptosis, inflammation, cell proliferation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, adipokines, obesity, vascular injury, type 2 diabetes
- MeSH terms
- Cell Communication, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Phosphorylation, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Adipocytes, Chemokines, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Endothelial Cells, Caspase 3
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