Biomarkers of Dairy Fatty Acids and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Open accessAbstract
Background: Evidence regarding the role of dairy fat intake in cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) has been mixed and inconclusive. Most earlier studies have used self‐reported measures of dietary intake and focused on relatively racially homogeneous populations. Circulating biomarkers of dairy fat in a multiethnic cohort provide objective measures of dairy fat intake and facilitate conclusions relevant to populations with different diets and susceptibility to CVD . Methods and Results: In a multiethnic cohort of 2837 US adults aged 45 to 84 years at baseline (2000–2002), phospholipid fatty acids including 15:0, 14:0, and trans‐ 16:1n7 were measured using standardized methods, and the incidence of CVD prospectively adjudicated. Self‐reported whole‐fat dairy and butter intakes had strongest associations with 15:0, rather than 14:0 or trans‐ 16:1n7. In multivariate models including demographics and lifestyle and dietary habits, each SD ‐unit of 15:0 was associated with 19% lower CVD risk (hazard ratio [95% CI ] 0.81 [0.68 to 0.98]) and 26% lower coronary heart disease ( CHD ) risk (0.74 [0.60 to 0.92]). Associations were strengthened after mutual adjustment for 14:0 and trans ‐16:1n‐7 and were similar after adjustment for potential mediators. Plasma phospholipid 14:0 and trans ‐16:1n‐7 were not significantly associated with incident CVD or CHD . All findings were similar in white, black, H ispanic, and C hinese American participants. Conclusion: Plasma phospholipid 15:0, a biomarker of dairy fat, was inversely associated with incident CVD and CHD , while no association was found with phospholipid 14:0 and trans‐ 16:1n‐7. These findings support the need for further investigation of CVD effects of dairy fat, dairy‐specific fatty acids, and dairy products in general.
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In cohorts utilizing objective blood biomarkers, greater dairy fat consumption is associated with lower incidence of diabetes and CHD, with mixed findings for stroke.
“In cohorts utilizing objective blood biomarkers, greater dairy fat consumption is associated with lower incidence of diabetes59-61, 242, 243 and CHD,39, 244, 245 with mixed findings for stroke.246”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [245]
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References 34 · Cited by 135
- Authors
- de Oliveira Otto, M. C., Nettleton, J. A., Lemaitre, R. N., M. Steffen, L., Kromhout, D., Rich, S. S., Y. Tsai, M., Jacobs, D. R., & Mozaffarian, D.
- Affiliations
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, the University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- University of Virginia (US)
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Heart Association
- Published
- 2013-08-22
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e000092-e000092
- ISSN
- 2047-9980 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3828802
- OpenAlex
- W2140239376
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 11.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Journal of the American Heart Association (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R21HL109924)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- milk fat, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, plasma phospholipid fatty acids, multi-ethnic cohort, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dairy Products, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipids, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, Biomarkers, Incidence, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Proportional Hazards Models
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