Application of Magnetocardiography to Screen for Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy and Monitor Treatment Response
Open accessAbstract
Background: Inflammatory cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young adults. Diagnosis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy remains challenging, and better monitoring tools are needed. We present magnetocardiography as a method to diagnose myocardial inflammation and monitor treatment response. Methods and Results: A total of 233 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 45 (±18) years, and 105 (45%) were women. The primary analysis included 209 adult subjects, of whom 66 (32%) were diagnosed with inflammatory cardiomyopathy, 17 (8%) were diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis, and 35 (17%) were diagnosed with other types of nonischemic cardiomyopathy; 91 (44%) did not have cardiomyopathy. The second analysis included 13 patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy who underwent immunosuppressive therapy after baseline magnetocardiography measurement. Finally, diagnostic accuracy of magnetocardiography was tested in 3 independent cohorts (total n=23) and 1 patient, who developed vaccine‐related myocarditis. First, we identified a magnetocardiography vector to differentiate between patients with cardiomyopathy versus patients without cardiomyopathy (vector of ≥0.051; sensitivity, 0.59; specificity, 0.95; positive predictive value, 93%; and negative predictive value, 64%). All patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy, including a patient with mRNA vaccine‐related myocarditis, had a magnetocardiography vector ≥0.051. Second, we evaluated the ability of the magnetocardiography vector to reflect treatment response. We observed a decrease of the pathologic magnetocardiography vector toward normal in all 13 patients who were clinically improving under immunosuppressive therapy. Magnetocardiography detected treatment response as early as day 7, whereas echocardiographic detection of treatment response occurred after 1 month. The magnetocardiography vector decreased from 0.10 at baseline to 0.07 within 7 days ( P =0.010) and to 0.03 within 30 days ( P <0.001). After 30 days, left ventricular ejection fraction improved from 42.2% at baseline to 53.8% ( P <0.001). Conclusions: Magnetocardiography has the potential to be used for diagnostic screening and to monitor early treatment response. The method is valuable in inflammatory cardiomyopathy, where there is a major unmet need for early diagnosis and monitoring response to immunosuppressive therapy.
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Recent long-term data support benefits of immunosuppressive therapies such as glucocorticoids for myocarditis.
“There has been some controversy regarding the effect of immunosuppressive therapies such as glucocorticoids for myocarditis, while recent long-term data support its benefits.”
From COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis (2023) · cites this paper as [79]
The paper’s References list a study reporting improved short- and long-term prognosis with immunosuppression, but specifically in virus-negative, nonfulminant inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Its own treatment monitoring extended only to days 7 and 30 (Magnetocardiography Monitoring During Treatment). It therefore supports a qualified benefit, not a general claim about long-term benefits for myocarditis. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Brala, D., Thevathasan, T., Grahl, S., Barrow, S., Violano, M., Bergs, H., Golpour, A., Suwalski, P., Poller, W., Skurk, C., Landmesser, U., & Heidecker, B.
- Affiliations
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heidecker, Bettina
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Heart Association
- Published
- 2023-02-21
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e027619-e027619
- ISSN
- 2047-9980 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10111485
- OpenAlex
- W4319294345
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8
- FWCI
- 10.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Journal of the American Heart Association (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Universitätsbibliothek der FU Berlin Hochschulschriftenstelle u. Dokumentenserver
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Associated Phenomena
- Keywords
- magnetocardiography, inflammatory cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cardiac amyloidosis, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, treatment response monitoring, immunosuppressive therapy, sudden cardiac death, diagnostic accuracy, left ventricular ejection fraction, noninvasive cardiac imaging, early screening, echocardiography comparison
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cardiomyopathies, Myocarditis, Stroke Volume, Ventricular Function, Left, Magnetocardiography, Young Adult
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