The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emergence of Phase- and Shift-Invariant Features by Decomposition of Natural Images into Independent Feature Subspaces
Abstract
Olshausen and Field (1996) applied the principle of independence maximization by sparse coding to extract features from natural images. This leads to the emergence of oriented linear filters that have simultaneous localization in space and in frequency, thus resembling Gabor functions and simple cell receptive fields. In this article, we show that the same principle of independence maximization can explain the emergence of phase- and shift-invariant features, similar to those found in complex cells. This new kind of emergence is obtained by maximizing the independence between norms of projections on linear subspaces (instead of the independence of simple linear filter outputs). The norms of the projections on such “independent feature subspaces” then indicate the values of invariant features.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat’s visual cortex
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1962) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006837 · Cited by 13,680
Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images
Olshausen, B. A., & Field, D. J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/381607a0 · Cited by 5,694
Sparse coding with an overcomplete basis set: A strategy employed by V1?
Olshausen, B. A., & Field, D. J. (1997) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00169-7 · Cited by 3,642
Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex
Heeger, D. J. (1992) · Visual Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/s0952523800009640 · Cited by 1,835
Learning invariance from transformation sequences
Földiák, P. (1991) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco.1991.3.2.194 · Cited by 661 · cited 1×
“Similar developments were given by F¨oldi´ak (1991).”
Cited by
Representation Learning: A Review and New Perspectives
Bengio, Y., Courville, A., & Vincent, P. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2013.50 · Cited by 13,001
Natural Image Statistics and Neural Representation
Simoncelli, E. P., & Olshausen, B. A. (2001) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1193 · Cited by 2,460
Sparse coding of sensory inputs
Olshausen, B. A., & Field, D. J. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.07.007 · Cited by 1,404
Multimodal Data Fusion: An Overview of Methods, Challenges, and Prospects
Lahat, D., Adali, T., & Jutten, C. (2015) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2015.2460697 · Cited by 1,296
Le, Q. V., Zou, W. Y., Yeung, S. Y., & Ng, A. Y. (2011) · CVPR 2011 · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2011.5995496 · Cited by 960
Metadata
- Authors
- Hyvärinen, A., & Hoyer, P.
- Venue
- Neural Computation
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2000-07-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1705-1720
- ISSN
- 0899-7667 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-888X
- OpenAlex
- W2124486835
- Cited by
- 533
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 14.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Emergence of Phase- and Shift-Invariant Features by Decomposition of Natural Images into Independent Feature Subspaces. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1162/089976600300015312
- The paper
- Hyvärinen, A., & Hoyer, P. (2000). Emergence of Phase- and Shift-Invariant Features by Decomposition of Natural Images into Independent Feature Subspaces. Neural Computation. https://doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015312
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
