BUTTERFLIES IN THE ART OF CHINA AND THE NETHERLANDS

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

The Dutch still life comprises the same elements of subject matter as Chinese painting and ceramics designs containing flowers and butterflies.

“The Dutch still life comprises the same clements of subject matter as Chinese painting and ceramics designs containing flowers and butterflies.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The specific artworks and objects discussed are representative of broader Chinese and Dutch traditions.

The quote only partly states this claim.

Willem de Heer's Still life with flowers, insects and a dead bird, dated to the last quarter of the 17th century, combines all the main elements of a vanitas: flowers, roses and tulips; a dead bird; a cricket; other small insects; a caterpillar and butterflies.

“His Still life with flowers, insects and Downloaded from Brill.com08/02/2023 02:28:19AM via free access F'g-9 Willem de Heer (c.1638-1681),Still life with flowers, insects and a dead bird, Lastquarterofthe i7th century, Gouache on paper.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In China, butterflies are associated with beautiful scents because they are attracted by the fragrance of flowers.

“In China, butterflies are associated with beautiful scents because they are attracted by the fragrance of flowers.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The subject of insects, including butterflies, in combination with flowers became most popular on Kraak porcelain of the late Ming period in the beginning of the 17th century.

“The subject of insects, including butterflies, in combination with flowers was taken up again and became most popular on Kraak porcelain of the late Ming period in the beginning of the 17th century.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The activity of chasing butterflies was known as bu die 'striking the butterfly', which has very sensual overtones.

“This last activity was known as bu die 'striking the butterfly', which has very sensual overtones.”

May combine two claims.

One tradition represents the path of the soul in a Christian sense leading to heaven, and the other represents the path of the material body indulging in sensory pleasures.

“One represents the path of the soul in a Christian sense, a spiritual route leading to heaven, and the other represents the path of the material body indulging in sensory pleasures; appreciation of the earthly and evanescent enjoyment of riches and luxury.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The specific artworks and objects discussed are representative of broader Chinese and Dutch traditions.
• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The Chinese and Dutch cultural traditions are divergent in ways that produce different meanings for similar motifs.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The association of butterflies with love, romance and tragedy is reflected in literature in a famous story set in the 12th century.

“The association of butterflies with love, romance and tragedy is also reflected in literature, in a famous story set in the 12th century.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Butterflies, caterpillars and other insects, in combination with flowers, represent the most common subject matter of Dutch still life painting of the 17th century.

“Butterflies, caterpillars and other insects, in combination with flowers, represent the most common subject matter of Dutch still life painting of the 17th century.10”

• cites [10]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Metamorphosis is the key term, the tertium comparationis, connecting the philosophical symbolism of the butterfly in the East with the Christian symbolism of butterflies in the West.

“Metamorphosis is the key term, the tertium comparationis, to connect the philosophical symbolism of the butterfly in the East with the Christian symbolism of butterflies in the West.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In de Heer's painting, only the caterpillar and the butterflies are able to offer hope.

“In de Heer's painting it seems that only the Caterpillar and the butterflies are able to offer hope.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

In art historical literature, the term vanitas relates to vanity, emptiness and transience of earthly life.

“In art historical literature, the meaning of the term vanitas relates to the aspects of vanity, emptiness and transience of earthly life.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Those who lead a pious life will be transformed from a caterpillar into a butterfly and rise to heaven.

“Those who lead a pious life will be similarly transformed from a Caterpillar into a butterfly and rise to heaven.”

May combine two claims.

Johannes Goedaert captured caterpillars and observed their metamorphosis into butterflies.

“Like the early Chinese Daoists, he actually captured caterpillars and observed their metamorphosis into butterflies.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The Tang emperor Ming Huang organized this spring festival every year to select ladies for the inner chambers, until Yang Guifei monopolized his undivided attention.

“It seems that the Tang emperor Ming Huang (or Xuanzong) (r.712-756) organized this spring festival every year to select ladies for the inner chambers, until Yang Guifei monopolized his undivided attention.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The design of the Daoguang cup and saucer perfectly expresses the romantic and erotic associations of butterflies.

“The design perfectly expresses the romantic and erotic associations of butterflies.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

Butterflies as a primary motif became particularly fashionable on Chinese porcelain in the Qing dynasty.

“Butterflies as a primary motif became particularly fashionable on Chinese porcelain in the Qing dynasty .”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Flowers, butterflies and caterpillars occur in Dutch still life as representations of the classical vanitas motif.

“Flowers, butterflies and caterpillars occur in the Dutch still life as representations of the classical vanitas motif.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The butterfly in Zhuangzi's story is a symbol of transformation.

“The butterfly here is a symbol of transformation.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

Another association of butterflies, flowers and scent is found on paintings of the Tang dynasty.

“Another association of butterflies, flowers and scent is to be found on paintings of the Tang dynasty.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Blue-and-white dishes and vessels, many made for export to the Middle East, used a repertoire combining animals such as qilin or fish and flower scrolls with insects such as crickets, cicada or mantises.

“Blue-and-white dishes and vessels, many of them made for export to the Middle East, used a repertoire that combined animals such as qilin or fish and flower scrolls with insects such as crickets, cicada or mantises.”

• cites [2]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Chinese depictions of beautiful flowers and colourful butterflies, with connotations of sensuality, represent pleasure for the eyes and mind, whereas the Dutch still life confronts the viewer with a moral choice.

“Whereas the Chinese depictions of beautiful flowers and colourful butterflies, with their connotations of sensuality, represent pleasure for the eyes and for the mind, the Dutch still life confronts the viewer with a moral choice.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The specific artworks and objects discussed are representative of broader Chinese and Dutch traditions.
• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The Chinese and Dutch cultural traditions are divergent in ways that produce different meanings for similar motifs.

May combine two claims.

In Metamorphosis Naturalis Goedaert gives a religious interpretation of his observations, comparing the metamorphosis of insects with mankind's life on earth and in heaven.

“In this work Goedaert gives a religious interpretation of his observations.He compares the metamorphosis of insects with mankind's life on earth and in heaven:”

• cites [11]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

The butterfly is the emblem of a lover sipping nectar from the calyx of a flower, a female symbol.

“The butterfly is 'the emblem of a lover sipping nectar from the calyx of a flower, a female symbol'.4”

• cites [4]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

In Christian tradition, butterflies and other animals that shed their skins or emerge from hibernation were often used as symbols of the resurrection of Christ.

“In Christian tradition, butterflies and other animals, such as lizards, that shed their skins or emerge from hibernation, were often used as symbols of the resurrection of Christ.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In 1662 and 1667 Goedaert published his major work Metamorphosis Naturalis.

“In 1662 and 1667 he published his major work: Metamorphosis Naturalis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

One of the earliest appearances of the butterfly in Chinese literature is in the writing of the Daoist philosopher Zhuangzi or Zhuang Zhou (late 4th century BC).

“One of the earliest appearances of the butterfly in Chinese literature is in the writing of the Daoist philosopher Zhuangzi or Zhuang Zhou (late 4th century BC).”

• cites [12]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Li Zhanran (8th century) also seems to have painted butterflies, which he identified as da hai yan, xiao hai yan, jiang xia ban and cun li lai.

“A descendant of Prince Teng, Li Zhanran (8th century), a high court official, also seems to have painted butterflies, which he identified as da hai yan 'great sea eyes', xiao hai yan 'small sea eyes', jiang xia ban 'river summer spots' and cun li lai 'coming from the village'.6”

• cites [6]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

Literary sources and extant paintings suggest that the butterfly was already a popular subject in China by the Tang dynasty (618-907).

“Literary sources and extant paintings suggest that the butterfly was already a popular subject by the Tang dynasty (618-907).”

May combine two claims.

Butterflies are frequent metaphors for young men in love, and the peonies around which they circle represent the feminine object of their desire.

“Butterflies are therefore frequent metaphors for young men in love, just as the peonies around which they circle represent the feminine object of their desire.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

In Chinese cultural tradition, butterflies represent love and sensual pleasure and are also seen as a symbol for the spiritual world.

“In Chinese cultural tradition, butterflies not only represent love and sensual pleasure, but are also seen as a symbol for the spiritual world.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Butterfly painting started with Li Yuanying (d.684), who became Prince Teng.

“It seems that butterfly painting started with Li Yuanying (d.684), who became Prince Teng.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The caterpillar represents the earthly phase of man with his burden of sin, contains new life, and will one day turn into a butterfly and soar into the sky.

“The Caterpillar, this earth-bound creature, representing the earthly phase of man with his burden of sin, contains new life; one day, he will shrug off his depraved nature, turn into a butterfly and soar up into the sky.”