Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 694

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Abnormal Sleep/Wake Cycles and the Effect of Environmental Noise on Sleep Disruption in the Intensive Care Unit

FREEDMAN, NEIL S., GAZENDAM, JOOST, LEVAN, LACHELLE, PACK, ALLAN I., SCHWAB, RICHARD J.·2001·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Abstract

UNLABELLED: Little is known about sleep/wake abnormalities in intensive care and less is known about the mechanisms responsible for these abnormalities. We studied 22 (20 mechanically ventilated) medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients with continuous polysomnography (PSG) and environmental noise measurements for 24-48 h to characterize sleep-wake patterns and objectively determine the effect of environmental noise on sleep disruption. All 22 patients demonstrated sleep-wake cycle abnormalities. There were large variations in total sleep time (TST) with the mean total sleep time per 24-h study period of 8.8 +/- 5.0 h. Sleep-wake cycles were fragmented and nonconsolidated with a mean of 57 +/- 18% and 43 +/- 18% of the TST occurring during the day and night, respectively. Environmental noise was responsible for 11.5 and 17% of the overall arousals and awakenings from sleep, respectively. The mean noise arousal index was 1.9 +/- 2.1 arousals/h sleep. CONCLUSIONS: (1) ICU patients are qualitatively, but not necessarily quantitatively, sleep deprived; and (2) although environmental noise is in part responsible for sleep-wake abnormalities, it is not responsible for the majority of the sleep fragmentation and may therefore not be as disruptive to sleep as the previous literature suggests.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1164/ajrccm.163.2.9912128

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Cited by

See all 694

Metadata

Authors
FREEDMAN, N. S., GAZENDAM, J., LEVAN, L., PACK, A. I., & SCHWAB, R. J.
Venue
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Published
2001-02-01
Volume
163
Issue
2
Pages
451-457
ISSN
  • 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-4970
OpenAlex
W1977711623
Cited by
694
References
3
FWCI
6.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Abnormal Sleep/Wake Cycles and the Effect of Environmental Noise on Sleep Disruption in the Intensive Care Unit. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1164/ajrccm.163.2.9912128
The paper
FREEDMAN, N. S., GAZENDAM, J., LEVAN, L., PACK, A. I., & SCHWAB, R. J. (2001). Abnormal Sleep/Wake Cycles and the Effect of Environmental Noise on Sleep Disruption in the Intensive Care Unit. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.2.9912128

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.