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Oxygenation Response to Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Predicts Mortality in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. A Secondary Analysis of the LOVS and ExPress Trials
Abstract
Rationale: Previous trials of higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) failed to demonstrate mortality benefit, possibly because of differences in lung recruitability among patients with ARDS. Objectives: To determine whether the physiological response to increased PEEP is associated with mortality. Methods: In a secondary analysis of the Lung Open Ventilation Study (LOVS, n = 983), we examined the relationship between the initial response to changes in PEEP after randomization and mortality. We sought to corroborate our findings using data from a different trial of higher PEEP (ExPress, n = 749). Measurements and Main Results: The oxygenation response (change in ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen: P/F) after the initial change in PEEP after randomization varied widely (median, 9.5 mm Hg; interquartile range, –16 to 47) and was only weakly related to baseline P/F or the magnitude of PEEP change. Among patients in whom PEEP was increased after randomization, an increase in P/F was associated with reduced mortality (multivariable logistic regression; adjusted odds ratio, 0.80 [95% confidence interval, 0.72–0.89] per 25–mm Hg increase in P/F), particularly in patients with severe disease (baseline P/F [less-than-or-equal-to] 150 mm Hg). Changes in compliance and dead space were not associated with mortality. These findings were confirmed by a similar analysis of data from the ExPress trial. Conclusions: Patients with ARDS who respond to increased PEEP by improved oxygenation have a lower risk of death. The oxygenation response to PEEP might be used to predict whether patients will benefit from higher versus lower PEEP.
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“A patient-level analysis of two of the randomised PEEP trials [440, 441] suggested that patients with ARDS who respond to increased PEEP with improved oxygenation have a lower risk of death; this association was stronger in patients with more severe ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 < 150 mmHg) compared with patients with less severe ARDS [444].”
From Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [444]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Goligher, E. C., Kavanagh, B. P., Rubenfeld, G. D., Adhikari, N. K. J., Pinto, R., Fan, E., Brochard, L. J., Granton, J. T., Mercat, A., Marie Richard, J.-C., Chretien, J.-M., Jones, G. L., Cook, D. J., Stewart, T. E., Slutsky, A. S., Meade, M. O., & Ferguson, N. D.
- Affiliations
- Mount Sinai Hospital (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Sunnybrook Health Science Centre (CA)
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (FR)
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et Unité Propre de Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur 38-30, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation, CHU d’Angers, Angers, France; and
- Department of Medicine and
- McMaster University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ferguson, Niall D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-07-01
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 70-76
- ISSN
- 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-4970
- OpenAlex
- W2082012484
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 17.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Keywords
- acute respiratory distress syndrome, positive end-expiratory pressure, oxygenation response, mortality prediction, lung recruitability, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mechanical ventilation, lung compliance, dead space
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Prognosis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Severity of Illness Index, Tidal Volume, Logistic Models, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
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