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Polymeric Nanocarriers for Non-Viral Gene Delivery
Abstract
Gene therapy holds great promise for the treatment of acquired and inherited diseases. Non-viral gene delivery systems are gaining recognition as alternatives to viral gene vectors due to their safety and low immunogenicity. The effective delivery of nucleic acids requires overcoming many biological barriers that would otherwise hinder transfection efficiency. Developing safe and efficient vectors that can overcome these obstacles is at the heart of current gene delivery research. Polymeric nanocarriers, such as polyethylenimine (PEI), poly(L-lysine) (PLL), poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA), polyamidoamine (PAMAM), chitosan and poly(amino-co-ester)s (PAEs), play an important role in gene delivery. In this review, we first describe the current understanding of the biological barriers to non-viral gene delivery and recent progress in addressing these barriers. Several of the most widely used non-viral polymeric nanocarriers are discussed, and detailed strategies that have accumulated from nearly two decades of research aimed at overcoming biological barriers and improving gene transfer are highlighted.
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“On the other hand, cationic non-viral vectors used to condense negatively charged CRISPR RNPs and plasmids are prone to interact with plasma proteins and the physiological salt in physiological conditions, resulting in the recognition and clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) [141–143].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [141]
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Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities
Li, L., Hu, S., & Chen, X. (2018) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.031 · Cited by 415
Self-citationEmerging non-viral vectors for gene delivery
Wang, C., Pan, C., Yong, H., Wang, F., Bo, T., Zhao, Y., Ma, B., He, W., & Li, M. (2023) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-023-02044-5 · Cited by 325
“4) has been utilized as one of the earliest cationic polymer-based gene vehicles [92, 93].”
BackgroundChallenges in CRISPR/CAS9 delivery: potential roles of nonviral vectors
Li, L., He, Z.-Y., Wei, X.-W., Gao, G.-P., & Wei, Y.-Q. (2015) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2015.069 · Cited by 202
“59 However, it was revealed that the lengths and densities of PEG chains conjugated to PEI affect both transfection efficiencies and carrier toxicities; therefore, PEGy-lation of PEI must be characterized and optimized in detailed experiment for different applications.”
InfluentialSelf-citationStrategies for nonviral nanoparticle‐based delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics
Chen, F., Alphonse, M., & Liu, Q. (2020) · WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1002/wnan.1609 · Cited by 197
Recent Advances in Lipid Nanoparticles for Delivery of mRNA
Yang, L., Gong, L., Wang, P., Zhao, X., Zhao, F. H., Zhang, Z., Li, Y., & Huang, W. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14122682 · Cited by 190
“For example, early Moderna studies mainly used protamine to deliver mRNA, but the mRNA was too tightly bound to the arginine in the protamine; one study showed that the size of the free mRNA in dynamic light scattering experiments was close to 50 nm, while the protamine–mRNA complex was in the range of 250–350 nm [34]…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Li, L., Wei, Y., & Gong, C.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
- Publisher
- American Scientific Publishers
- Published
- 2015-05-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 739-770
- ISSN
- 1550-7033 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054359043
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 4.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Keywords
- non-viral gene delivery, polymeric nanocarriers, polyethyleneimine, poly-L-lysine, PDMAEMA, PAMAM, chitosan, gene transfer efficiency, gene therapy vectors
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Nucleic Acids, Polymers, Transfection, Genetic Therapy, Chitosan, Nanoparticles
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