The 2019 Nobel Prize honors fundamental discoveries in hypoxia response
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Since HIF-1α was discovered in 1991 and HIF-2α in 1997, the importance of the HIF pathway in oxygen sensing was affirmed by the 2019 Nobel Prize and by FDA approval of belzutifan in 2021.
“Since the discovery of HIF-1α in 1991, and of HIF-2α in 1997, the significance of the HIF pathway in oxygen sensing has been affirmed by the awarding of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for the discovery of HIF, followed by the FDA approval of belzutifan in 2021 [111, 112].”
From The HIF Axes in Cancer - Angiogenesis, Metabolism and Immune-Modulation (2025) · cites this paper as [111]
The “Hypoxia in the patient setting” section says the 2019 Nobel Prize honored research into how cells sense and respond to oxygen, supporting the Nobel Prize portion of the claim. The paper does not give the stated 1991 and 1997 discovery dates or report FDA approval of belzutifan in 2021; it describes HIF-2α inhibitors as investigational. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Moslehi, J., & Rathmell, W. K.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rathmell, W. Kimryn
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2019-11-25
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4-6
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-8238
- PMC
- PMC6934228
- OpenAlex
- W2991653202
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vanderbilt University
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- National Institutes of Health (NIH R56)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R56HL141466, R01HL141466)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA198482, R01CA203012)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Keywords
- hypoxia response, hypoxia-inducible factor, oxygen sensing
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Nobel Prize, Cell Hypoxia, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, History, 20th Century, Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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