The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Induction and blockage of oligodendrogenesis by differently activated microglia in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Open accessAbstract
The role of activated microglia (MG) in demyelinating neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis is controversial. Here we show that high, but not low, levels of IFN-gamma (a cytokine associated with inflammatory autoimmune diseases) conferred on rodent MG a phenotype that impeded oligodendrogenesis from adult neural stem/progenitor cells. IL-4 reversed the impediment, attenuated TNF-alpha production, and overcame blockage of IGF-I production caused by IFN-gamma. In rodents with acute or chronic EAE, injection of IL-4-activated MG into the cerebrospinal fluid resulted in increased oligodendrogenesis in the spinal cord and improved clinical symptoms. The newly formed oligodendrocytes were spatially associated with MG expressing MHC class II proteins and IGF-I. These results point to what we believe to be a novel role for MG in oligodendrogenesis from the endogenous stem cell pool.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“We found that M1 microglia express a high level of inflammatory-related transcripts including Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl5, whereas M2 microglia express genes including IGF-1 (Supplementary Fig. 10a,b), which play a role in tissue development and neural cell renewal28.”
From Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia (2014) · cites this paper as [28]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“CD11c+ microglia are known to increase in chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions as well as during development [76–83]”
From PLCγ2 deficiency compromises systemic immune tolerance and erodes myelin homeostasis while enhancing oxidative metabolism in the mouse brain (2026) · cites this paper as [76]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“We found that M1 microglia express a high level of inflammatory-related transcripts including Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl5, whereas M2 microglia express genes including IGF-1 (Supplementary Fig. 10a,b), which play a role in tissue development and neural cell renewal28.”
From Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia (2014) · cites this paper as [28]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular Mechanisms of Depression: Perspectives on New Treatment Strategies
Lang, U. E., & Borgwardt, S. (2013) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000350094 · Cited by 8,526
Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system
Choi, D. W. (1988) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(88)90162-6 · Cited by 8,188
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Eriksson, P. S., Perfilieva, E., Björk-Eriksson, T., Alborn, A.-M., Nordborg, C., Peterson, D. A., & Gage, F. H. (1998) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/3305 · Cited by 6,369
ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo
Davalos, D., Grutzendler, J., Yang, G., Kim, J. V., Zuo, Y., Jung, S., Littman, D. R., Dustin, M. L., & Gan, W.-B. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1472 · Cited by 3,913
Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties
Geissmann, F., Jung, S., & Littman, D. R. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00174-2 · Cited by 3,504
Jung, S., Aliberti, J., Graemmel, P., Sunshine, M. J., Kreutzberg, G. W., Sher, A., & Littman, D. R. (2000) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.20.11.4106-4114.2000 · Cited by 2,632
Regulation of neuronal survival by the serine-threonine protein kinase Akt
Dudek, H., Datta, S. R., Franke, T. F., Birnbaum, M. J., Yao, R., Cooper, G. M., Segal, R. A., Kaplan, D. R., & Greenberg, M. E. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5300.661 · Cited by 2,436
Inflammatory Blockade Restores Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Monje, M. L., Toda, H., & Palmer, T. D. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1088417 · Cited by 2,426
Jung, S., Unutmaz, D., Wong, P., Sano, G., Santos, K. D. L., Sparwasser, T., Wu, S., Vuthoori, S., Ko, K., Zavala, F., et al. (2002) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00365-5 · Cited by 1,953
Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by antibodies against α4βl integrin
Yednock, T. A., Cannon, C., Fritz, L. C., Sánchez‐Madrid, F., Steinman, L., & Karin, N. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356063a0 · Cited by 1,737
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Polazzi, E., Mengoni, I., Caprini, M., Peña‐Altamira, E., Kurtys, E., & Monti, B. (2012) · Neurosignals · doi:10.1159/000337115 · Cited by 9,023
Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain
Hanisch, U.-K., & Kettenmann, H. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1997 · Cited by 3,676
Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia
Butovsky, O., Jedrychowski, M. P., Moore, C. S., Cialic, R., Lanser, A. J., Gabriely, G., Koeglsperger, T., Dake, B., Wu, P. M., Doykan, C. E., et al. (2014) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3599 · Cited by 2,543
Self-citationPhagocytosis: An Immunobiologic Process
Gordon, S. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.026 · Cited by 902
Microglia in the TBI brain: The good, the bad, and the dysregulated
Loane, D. J., & Kumar, A. (2015) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.018 · Cited by 850
Metadata
- Authors
- Butovsky, O.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Butovsky, O.
- ORCID
- Butovsky, O.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2006-03-23
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 905-915
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1409740
- OpenAlex
- W2145533845
- Cited by
- 261
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 13.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- microglia, oligodendrogenesis, multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, interferon-gamma, IL-4, TNF-α, insulin-like growth factor I, neural stem/progenitor cells, demyelination, MHC class II, oligodendrocytes, cerebrospinal fluid injection, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cerebral Ventricles, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Interferon-gamma, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Multiple Sclerosis, Oligodendroglia, Rats, Inbred Lew, Recombinant Proteins, Stem Cells, Interleukin-4, Microglia, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
