The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Realism of Rainfall in a Very High-Resolution Regional Climate Model
Open accessAbstract
The realistic representation of rainfall on the local scale in climate models remains a key challenge. Realism encompasses the full spatial and temporal structure of rainfall, and is a key indicator of model skill in representing the underlying processes. In particular, if rainfall is more realistic in a climate model, there is greater confidence in its projections of future change. In this study, the realism of rainfall in a very high-resolution (1.5 km) regional climate model (RCM) is compared to a coarser-resolution 12-km RCM. This is the first time a convection-permitting model has been run for an extended period (1989–2008) over a region of the United Kingdom, allowing the characteristics of rainfall to be evaluated in a climatological sense. In particular, the duration and spatial extent of hourly rainfall across the southern United Kingdom is examined, with a key focus on heavy rainfall. Rainfall in the 1.5-km RCM is found to be much more realistic than in the 12-km RCM. In the 12-km RCM, heavy rain events are not heavy enough, and tend to be too persistent and widespread. While the 1.5-km model does have a tendency for heavy rain to be too intense, it still gives a much better representation of its duration and spatial extent. Long-standing problems in climate models, such as the tendency for too much persistent light rain and errors in the diurnal cycle, are also considerably reduced in the 1.5-km RCM. Biases in the 12-km RCM appear to be linked to deficiencies in the representation of convection.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The ERA‐Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
Dee, D. P., Uppala, S. M., Simmons, A. J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M. A., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., et al. (2011) · Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society · doi:10.1002/qj.828 · Cited by 24,480
Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Marquis, M. C., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., Miller, H. L., & Chen, Z. (2007) · Cited by 23,383
Daily High-Resolution-Blended Analyses for Sea Surface Temperature
Reynolds, R. W., Smith, T. M., Liu, C., Chelton, D. B., Casey, K. S., & Schlax, M. G. (2007) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/2007jcli1824.1 · Cited by 4,335
Christensen, J. H., Hewitson, B. C., Busuioc, A., Chen, A., Gao, X., Held, R., Jones, R., Kolli, R. K., Kwon, W., Laprise, R., et al. (2007) · Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (Alfred-Wegener-Institut) · Cited by 3,177
Maraun, D., Wetterhall, F., Ireson, A. M., Chandler, R. E., Kendon, E. J., Widmann, M., Brienen, S., Rust, H. W., Sauter, T., Themeßl, M., et al. (2010) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2009rg000314 · Cited by 1,805
Self-citationRoberts, N. M., & Lean, H. W. (2008) · Monthly Weather Review · doi:10.1175/2007mwr2123.1 · Cited by 1,361
Self-citationChristensen, J. H., & Christensen, O. B. (2007) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9210-7 · Cited by 1,130
The Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 7.0/7.1 and JULES Global Land 7.0 configurations
Walters, D., Baran, A. J., Boutle, I., Brooks, M., Earnshaw, P., Edwards, J., Furtado, K., Hill, P., Lock, A., Manners, J., et al. (2019) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-12-1909-2019 · Cited by 1,129
Precipitation Characteristics in Eighteen Coupled Climate Models
Dai, A. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3884.1 · Cited by 1,098
Increase in hourly precipitation extremes beyond expectations from temperature changes
Lenderink, G., & van Meijgaard, E. (2008) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo262 · Cited by 1,072
Cited by
Westra, S., Fowler, H. J., Evans, J. P., Alexander, L. V., Berg, P., Johnson, F., Kendon, E. J., Lenderink, G., & Roberts, N. M. (2014) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1002/2014rg000464 · Cited by 1,533
Self-citationHeavier summer downpours with climate change revealed by weather forecast resolution model
Kendon, E. J., Roberts, N. M., Fowler, H. J., Roberts, M. J., Chan, S. C., & Senior, C. A. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2258 · Cited by 761
Self-citationHeavy precipitation in a changing climate: Does short‐term summer precipitation increase faster?
Ban, N., Schmidli, J., & Schär, C. (2015) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2014gl062588 · Cited by 460
Coppola, E., Sobolowski, S., Pichelli, E., Raffaele, F., Ahrens, B., Anders, I., Ban, N., Bastin, S., Belda, M., Belusic, D., et al. (2020) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-018-4521-8 · Cited by 367
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kendon, E. J., Roberts, N. M., Senior, C. A., & Roberts, M. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Climate
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2012-03-12
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 5791-5806
- ISSN
- 0894-8755 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0442
- OpenAlex
- W2120373626
- Cited by
- 503
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 20.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Realism of Rainfall in a Very High-Resolution Regional Climate Model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00562.1
- The paper
- Kendon, E. J., Roberts, N. M., Senior, C. A., & Roberts, M. J. (2012). Realism of Rainfall in a Very High-Resolution Regional Climate Model. Journal of Climate. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00562.1
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
